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La desigualdad salarial en España. Efectos de un diseño muestral complejo

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Juan Ramón García

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Abstract

La práctica habitual en los estudios sobre medición de la desigualdad ha sido suponer que la información de la que se dispone corresponde a observaciones independientes e idénticamente distribuidas (iid). Sin embargo, cuando los datos provienen de encuestas realizadas mediante un procedimiento de muestreo complejo, la hipótesis de observaciones iid no se verifica, por lo que las técnicas de estimación e inferencia tradicionales no son directamente aplicables. Este es el caso de la Encuesta de Estructura Salarial (EES) de 1995. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar la incidencia que el diseño de la muestra tiene sobre la cuantificación del grado de desigualdad salarial en España. Los resultados obtenidos indican que las ordenadas estimadas de las curvas de Lorenz, la precisión de las medidas de desigualdad utilizadas y la posición ocupada por cada Comunidad Autónoma en el ranking de desigualdad se modifican significativamente cuando se tiene en cuenta el diseño de la EES.

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Paper provided by FEDEA in its series Working Papers with number 2003-26.

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