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Famine in North Korea Redux?

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Author Info
Stephan Haggard () (University of California, San Diego)
Marcus Noland () (East-West Center & Peterson Institute of International Economics)

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Abstract

In the 1990s, 600,000-1 million North Koreans, or about 3-5 percent of the pre-crisis population perished in one of the worst famines of the 20th century. North Korea is once again poised on the brink of famine. Although the renewed provision of aid is likely to avert a disaster on the scale of the 1990s, hunger-related deaths are already occurring and a dynamic has been set in motion that will carry the crisis into 2009. North Korea is a complex humanitarian emergency characterized by highly imperfect information. This paper triangulates quantity and price evidence with direct observation to assess food insecurity in North Korea and its causes. We critique the widely-cited UN figures and present original data on grain quantities and prices. These data demonstrate that for the first time since the 1990s famine, the aggregate grain balance has gone into deficit. Prices have also risen steeply. The re-emergence of pathologies from the famine era is documented through direct observation. Although exogenous shocks have played a role, foreign and domestic policy choices have been key.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by East-West Center, Economics Study Area in its series Economics Study Area Working Papers with number 97.

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Length: pages 36
Date of creation: Oct 2008
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Handle: RePEc:ewc:wpaper:wp97

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F - International Economics

References listed on IDEAS
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  1. Marcus Noland, 2004. "Famine and Reform in North Korea," Asian Economic Papers, MIT Press, vol. 3(2), pages 1-40. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Cited by:
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  1. Stephan Haggard & Marcus Noland, 2007. "North Korea’s External Economic Relations," Peterson Institute Working Paper Series WP07-7, Peterson Institute for International Economics. [Downloadable!]
  2. Haggard, Stephan & Noland, Marcus, 2009. "The political economy of North Korea: implications for denuclearization and proliferation," MPRA Paper 15919, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
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