IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ena/enawpp/018.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Agricultural Market Access: Striking the Balance between Formulas and Water in the Tariffs

Author

Listed:
  • Martina Brockmeier
  • Marianne Kurzweil
  • Janine Pelikan

Abstract

In the current round of negotiations by members of the World Trade Organisation (WTO), member countries committed themselves to substantially improving market access and reducing export subsidies and trade-distorting domestic support. The Doha Work Programme adopted by the WTO in 2004 defines the modalities for the negotiations, but there are still many open questions: What will be the magnitude of the tariff cuts? Which products will be defined as ‘sensitive’? In addition, the difference between bound and applied tariff rates could be a criterion for defining sensitive products. Does the ‘water in the tariffs’ – which some define as any gap between the applied rate and the actual rate of protection, where the actual rate is lower – lead to an implicit preferential treatment for developing countries? How will sectors with different gaps between applied and bound rates be affected? This paper seeks to discuss and answer these questions. It analyses the effects of market access taking applied and bound rates into account. An extended version of the Global Trade Analysis Project model is used to first project a base run including the Agenda 2000, EU enlargement, the Everything but Arms agreement and the EU’s Mid-Term Review along with the WTO negotiations. Here, a differentiation is made between two experiments, both of which implement a more rigorous version of the Harbinson 1½ proposal. The difference between the experiments shows the effects of water in the tariffs, which are summarised in the conclusions.

Suggested Citation

  • Martina Brockmeier & Marianne Kurzweil & Janine Pelikan, 2006. "Agricultural Market Access: Striking the Balance between Formulas and Water in the Tariffs," ENARPRI Working Papers 018, ENARPRI (European Network of Agricultural and Rural Policy Research Institutes).
  • Handle: RePEc:ena:enawpp:018
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.ceps.eu/system/files/book/1351.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kym Anderson & Will Martin & Dominique van der Mensbrugghe, 2006. "Doha Merchandise Trade Reform: What Is at Stake for Developing Countries?," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank Group, vol. 20(2), pages 169-195.
    2. Gibson, Paul R. & Wainio, John & Whitley, Daniel B. & Bohman, Mary, 2001. "Profiles Of Tariffs In Global Agricultural Markets," Agricultural Economic Reports 34055, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    3. Brockmeier, Martina & Sommer, Ulrich & Thomsen, Karin, 2005. "Sugar Policies: An Invincible Bastion for Modelers?," 89th Seminar, February 2-5, 2005, Parma, Italy 232588, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    4. Hertel, Thomas, 1997. "Global Trade Analysis: Modeling and applications," GTAP Books, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, number 7685, December.
    5. Peter Walkenhorst & Nora Dihel, 2003. "Tariff Bindings, Unused Protection and Agricultural Trade Liberalisation," OECD Economic Studies, OECD Publishing, vol. 2003(1), pages 231-249.
    6. Antoine Bouët & Yvan Decreux & Lionel Fontagné & Sébastien Jean & David Laborde, 2004. "A Consistent, Ad-Valorem Equivalent Measure of Applied Protection Across the World: The MAcMap-HS6 Database," Working Papers 2004-22, CEPII research center.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Martina Brockmeier & Janine Pelikan, 2006. "Agricultural Market Access: A Moving Target in the WTO Negotiations?," The Institute for International Integration Studies Discussion Paper Series iiisdp125, IIIS.
    2. Mohamed Hedi Bchir & Sébastien Jean & David Laborde, 2006. "Binding Overhang and Tariff-Cutting Formulas," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 142(2), pages 207-232, July.
    3. Antimiani, Alessandro & Conforti, Piero & Salvatici, Luca, 2005. "Alternative Market Access Scenarios in the Agriculture Trade Negotiations of the Doha Round," Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, Estey Centre for Law and Economics in International Trade, vol. 6(2), pages 1-23.
    4. Antoine Bouët & Jean‐Christophe Bureau & Yvan Decreux & Sébastien Jean, 2005. "Multilateral Agricultural Trade Liberalisation: The Contrasting Fortunes of Developing Countries in the Doha Round," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(9), pages 1329-1354, September.
    5. Kym Anderson & Will Martin & Dominique van der Mensbrugghe, 2006. "Distortions to World Trade: Impacts on Agricultural Markets and Farm Incomes," Review of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 28(2), pages 168-194.
    6. Brockmeier, Martina & Pelikan, Janine, 2006. "Agricultural Market Access: A Moving Target in the WTO Negotiations?," 2006 Annual Meeting, August 12-18, 2006, Queensland, Australia 25428, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    7. Antoine Bouët & Simon Mevel & David Orden, 2007. "More or Less Ambition in the Doha Round: Winners and Losers from Trade Liberalisation with a Development Perspective," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(8), pages 1253-1280, August.
    8. Lips, Markus, 2004. "The Cap Mid Term Review And The Wto Doha Round; Analyses For The Netherlands, Eu And Accession Countries," Report Series 29092, Wageningen University and Research Center, Agricultural Economics Research Institute.
    9. Burrell, Alison M. & Ferrari, Emanuele & Mallado, Aida Gonzalez & Michalek, Jerzy, 2012. "EU market access for agricultural products in the Doha Development Round: A sensitive issue," 2012 Conference, August 18-24, 2012, Foz do Iguacu, Brazil 126950, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    10. Michel Fouquin, 2008. "Regionalization in East Asia," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 41(4), pages 289-313, December.
    11. Achterbosch, Thom J. & Ben Hammouda, H. & Osakwe, Patrick N. & van Tongeren, Frank W., 2004. "Trade Liberalisation Under The Doha Development Agenda; Options And Consequences For Africa," Report Series 29104, Wageningen University and Research Center, Agricultural Economics Research Institute.
    12. Will Martin & Kym Anderson, 2007. "The Doha agenda and agricultural trade reform: the role of economic analysis," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 37(s1), pages 77-87, December.
    13. Kym Anderson & Will Martin & Dominique van der Mensbrugghe, 2006. "Doha Merchandise Trade Reform: What Is at Stake for Developing Countries?," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank Group, vol. 20(2), pages 169-195.
    14. Evans, David & Gasiorek, Michael & McDonald, Scott & Robinson, Sherman, 2006. "Trade Liberalisation with Trade Induced Technical Change in Morocco and Egypt: Findings and Wider Research Implications," Conference papers 331529, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    15. Grant, Jason H. & Hertel, Thomas W. & Rutherford, Thomas F., 2006. "Extending General Equilibrium to the Tariff Line: U.S. Dairy in the Doha Development Agenda," 2006 Annual meeting, July 23-26, Long Beach, CA 21409, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    16. David Laborde & Will Martin, 2012. "Agricultural Trade: What Matters in the Doha Round?," Annual Review of Resource Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 4(1), pages 265-283, August.
    17. Eickhout, B. & Meijl, H. van & Tabeau, A. & Zeijts, H. van, 2004. "Between Liberalization and Protection: Four Long-term Scenarios for Trade, Poverty and the Environment," Conference papers 331268, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    18. Pelikan, J. & Brockmeier, M., 2009. "Wohlfahrtswirkungen einer Handelsliberalisierung: Welchen Einfluss hat die Zollaggregation auf die Modellergebnisse?," Proceedings “Schriften der Gesellschaft für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften des Landbaues e.V.”, German Association of Agricultural Economists (GEWISOLA), vol. 44, March.
    19. Kym Anderson & Ernesto Valenzuela, 2007. "Do Global Trade Distortions Still Harm Developing Country Farmers?," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 143(1), pages 108-139, April.
    20. Antoine Bouët & Yvan Decreux & Lionel Fontagné & Sébastien Jean & David Laborde, 2008. "Assessing Applied Protection across the World," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 16(5), pages 850-863, November.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ena:enawpp:018. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Eleni Kaditi (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/enaprea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.