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The new Dutch timetable: The OR revolution

Author

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  • Kroon, L.G.
  • Huisman, D.
  • Abbink, E.J.W.
  • Fioole, P-J.
  • Fischetti, M.
  • Maróti, G.
  • Schrijver, A.
  • Steenbeek, A.
  • Ybema, R.

Abstract

In December 2006, Netherlands Railways introduced a completely new timetable. Its objective was to facilitate the growth of passenger and freight transport on a highly utilized railway network, and improve the robustness of the timetable resulting in less train delays in the operation. Further adjusting the existing timetable constructed in 1970 was not option anymore, because further growth would then require significant investments in the rail infrastructure. Constructing a railway timetable from scratch for about 5,500 daily trains was a complex problem. To support this process, we generated several timetables using sophisticated operations research techniques, and finally selected and implemented one of these timetables. Furthermore, because rolling-stock and crew costs are principal components of the cost of a passenger railway operator, we used innovative operations research tools to devise efficient schedules for these two resources. The new resource schedules and the increased number of passengers resulted in an additional annual profit of 40 million euros ($60 million) of which about 10 million euros were created by additional revenues. We expect this to increase to 70 million euros ($105 million) annually in the coming years. However, the benefits of the new timetable for the Dutch society as a whole are much greater: more trains are transporting more passengers on the same railway infrastructure, and these trains are arriving and departing on schedule more than they ever have in the past. In addition, the rail transport system will be able to handle future transportation demand growth and thus allow cities to remain accessible. Therefore, people can switch from car transport to rail transport, which will reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.

Suggested Citation

  • Kroon, L.G. & Huisman, D. & Abbink, E.J.W. & Fioole, P-J. & Fischetti, M. & Maróti, G. & Schrijver, A. & Steenbeek, A. & Ybema, R., 2008. "The new Dutch timetable: The OR revolution," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI 2008-19, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:ems:eureir:13767
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jurjen S. Hooghiemstra & Leo G. Kroon & Michiel A. Odijk & Marc Salomon & Peter J. Zwaneveld, 1999. "Decision Support Systems Support the Search for Win-Win Solutions in Railway Network Design," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 29(2), pages 15-32, April.
    2. Dennis Huisman & Leo G. Kroon & Ramon M. Lentink & Michiel J. C. M. Vromans, 2005. "Operations Research in passenger railway transportation," Statistica Neerlandica, Netherlands Society for Statistics and Operations Research, vol. 59(4), pages 467-497, November.
    3. Zwaneveld, Peter J. & Kroon, Leo G. & van Hoesel, Stan P. M., 2001. "Routing trains through a railway station based on a node packing model," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 128(1), pages 14-33, January.
    4. Abbink, E.J.W., 2008. "Solving large scale crew scheduling problems by using iterative partitioning," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI 2008-03, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    5. Fioole, Pieter-Jan & Kroon, Leo & Maroti, Gabor & Schrijver, Alexander, 2006. "A rolling stock circulation model for combining and splitting of passenger trains," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 174(2), pages 1281-1297, October.
    6. Abbink, E.J.W. & Albino, L. & Dollevoet, T.A.B. & Huisman, D. & Roussado, J. & Saldanha, R.L., 2010. "Solving Large Scale Crew Scheduling Problems in Practice," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI 2010-63, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    7. Erwin Abbink & Matteo Fischetti & Leo Kroon & Gerrit Timmer & Michiel Vromans, 2005. "Reinventing Crew Scheduling at Netherlands Railways," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 35(5), pages 393-401, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Twan Dollevoet & Dennis Huisman & Marie Schmidt & Anita Schöbel, 2012. "Delay Management with Rerouting of Passengers," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 46(1), pages 74-89, February.
    2. Daniel Potthoff & Dennis Huisman & Guy Desaulniers, 2010. "Column Generation with Dynamic Duty Selection for Railway Crew Rescheduling," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 44(4), pages 493-505, November.
    3. Veelenturf, L.P. & Potthoff, D. & Huisman, D. & Kroon, L.G. & Maróti, G. & Wagelmans, A.P.M., 2013. "A Quasi-Robust Optimization Approach for Resource Rescheduling," Econometric Institute Research Papers 50110, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    4. Leo Kroon & Gábor Maróti & Lars Nielsen, 2015. "Rescheduling of Railway Rolling Stock with Dynamic Passenger Flows," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 49(2), pages 165-184, May.
    5. Bach, L. & Dollevoet, T.A.B. & Huisman, D., 2014. "Integrating Timetabling and Crew," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI 2014-03, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    6. Sels, P. & Dewilde, T. & Cattrysse, D. & Vansteenwegen, P., 2016. "Reducing the passenger travel time in practice by the automated construction of a robust railway timetable," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 124-156.
    7. Kroon, L.G. & Peeters, L.W.P. & Wagenaar, J.C. & Zuidwijk, R.A., 2012. "Flexible Connections in PESP Models for Cyclic Passenger Railway Timetabling," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2012-008-LIS, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    8. Barrena, Eva & Canca, David & Coelho, Leandro C. & Laporte, Gilbert, 2014. "Single-line rail rapid transit timetabling under dynamic passenger demand," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 134-150.
    9. Kroon, L.G. & Huisman, D., 2011. "Algorithmic Support for Disruption Management at Netherlands Railways," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI 2011-06, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    10. Jiang, Feng & Cacchiani, Valentina & Toth, Paolo, 2017. "Train timetabling by skip-stop planning in highly congested lines," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 149-174.
    11. Leo G. Kroon & Leon W. P. Peeters & Joris C. Wagenaar & Rob A. Zuidwijk, 2014. "Flexible Connections in PESP Models for Cyclic Passenger Railway Timetabling," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 48(1), pages 136-154, February.
    12. Potthoff, D. & Huisman, D. & Desaulniers, G., 2008. "Column generation with dynamic duty selection for railway crew rescheduling," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI 2008-28, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    13. Lukas Bach & Twan Dollevoet & Dennis Huisman, 2016. "Integrating Timetabling and Crew Scheduling at a Freight Railway Operator," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(3), pages 878-891, August.
    14. Martin Josef Geiger & Sandra Huber & Sebastian Langton & Marius Leschik & Christian Lindorf & Ulrich Tüshaus, 2018. "Multi-attribute assignment of trains to departures in rolling stock management," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 271(2), pages 1131-1163, December.
    15. Polinder, G.-J. & Breugem, T. & Dollevoet, T.A.B. & Maróti, G., 2019. "An Adjustable Robust Optimization Approach for Periodic Timetabling," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI2019-01, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    16. Nielsen, Lars Kjær & Kroon, Leo & Maróti, Gábor, 2012. "A rolling horizon approach for disruption management of railway rolling stock," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 220(2), pages 496-509.
    17. Michael F. Gorman & John-Paul Clarke & Amir Hossein Gharehgozli & Michael Hewitt & René de Koster & Debjit Roy, 2014. "State of the Practice: A Review of the Application of OR/MS in Freight Transportation," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 44(6), pages 535-554, December.
    18. Sato, Keisuke & Fukumura, Naoto, 2012. "Real-time freight locomotive rescheduling and uncovered train detection during disruption," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 221(3), pages 636-648.
    19. Agatz, N.A.H. & Erera, A. & Savelsbergh, M.W.P. & Wang, X., 2010. "Sustainable Passenger Transportation: Dynamic Ride-Sharing," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2010-010-LIS, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    20. Lucas P. Veelenturf & Daniel Potthoff & Dennis Huisman & Leo G. Kroon & Gábor Maróti & Albert P. M. Wagelmans, 2016. "A Quasi-Robust Optimization Approach for Crew Rescheduling," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(1), pages 204-215, February.
    21. Dollevoet, T.A.B. & Huisman, D. & Schmidt, M.E. & Schöbel, A., 2010. "Delay Management with Re-Routing of Passengers," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI 2010-31, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.

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