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Why Governments Should Invest More to Educate Girls

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Author Info
T. Paul Schultz () (Economic Growth Center, Yale University)

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Abstract

Women and men often receive the same percentage increase in their wage rates with advances in schooling. Because these returns decline with more schooling, the marginal returns for women will tend to exceed those for men, especially in countries where women are much less educated. The health and schooling of children are more closely related to their mother's education than father's. More educated women work more hours in the market labor force, broadening the tax base and thereby potentially reducing tax distortions. These three conditions, it is argued, justify the disproportionate allocation of public expenditures toward women's education.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Economic Growth Center, Yale University in its series Working Papers with number 836.

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Length: 46 pages
Date of creation: Sep 2001
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:egc:wpaper:836

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Related research
Keywords: Gender; Returns; Education; Development; Externalities; Taxes;

Other versions of this item:

Find related papers by JEL classification:
I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
I22 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Educational Finance
J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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  1. Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina & Georges, Annie & Pozo, Susan, 2008. "Migration, Remittances and Children’s Schooling in Haiti," IZA Discussion Papers 3657, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  2. Filmer, Deon & Schady, Norbert, 2006. "Getting girls into school : evidence from a scholarship program in Cambodia," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3910, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Mina Baliamoune-Lutz, 2007. "Gender Inequality and Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa and Arab Countries," ICER Working Papers 25-2007, ICER - International Centre for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  4. Una Okonkwo Osili & Bridget Terry Long, 2007. "Does Female Schooling Reduce Fertility? Evidence from Nigeria," NBER Working Papers 13070, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Kirdar, Murat G. & Dayıoğlu, Meltem & Koç, İsmet, 2009. "The Impact of Schooling on the Timing of Marriage and Fertility: Evidence from a Change in Compulsory Schooling Law," MPRA Paper 13410, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  6. Jack, William & Lewis, Maureen, 2009. "Health investments and economic growth : macroeconomic evidence and microeconomic foundations," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4877, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  7. Orazem, Peter & Glewwe, Paul & Patrinos, Harry, 2007. "The Benefits and Costs of Alternative Strategies to Improve Educational Outcomes," Staff General Research Papers 12853, Iowa State University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  8. Sinha, Nistha & Yoong, Joanne, 2009. "Long-term financial incentives and investment in daughters : evidence from conditional cash transfers in north India," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4860, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  9. Pushkar Maitra & Sarmistha Pal, 2007. "Birth Spacing, Fertility Selection and Child Survival: Analysis using a Correlated Hazard Model," CEDI Discussion Paper Series 07-09, Centre for Economic Development and Institutions(CEDI), Brunel University. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  10. Adebayo B. Aromolaran, 2004. "Female Schooling, Non-Market Productivity, and Labor Market Participation in Nigeria," Working Papers 879, Economic Growth Center, Yale University. [Downloadable!]
  11. Holmlund, Helena & Lindahl, Mikael & Plug, Erik, 2008. "The Causal Effect of Parent’s Schooling on Children’s Schooling: A Comparison of Estimation Methods," IZA Discussion Papers 3630, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  12. Amaghionyeodiwe, L.A. & Osinubi, T.S., 2006. "The Nigerian Educational Systems and Returns to Education," International Journal of Applied Econometrics and Quantitative Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 3(1), pages 31-40. [Downloadable!]
  13. Kenneth Hartgen & Stephan Klasen & Mark Misselhorn, 2009. "Pro-Poor Progress in Education in Developing Countries?," Courant Research Centre: Poverty, Equity and Growth - Discussion Papers 8, Courant Research Centre PEG. [Downloadable!]
  14. Adebayo B. Aromolaran, 2002. "Private Wage Returns to Schooling in Nigeria: 1996-1999," Working Papers 849, Economic Growth Center, Yale University. [Downloadable!]
  15. Enrique Aldaz Carroll & Ricardo Morán, 2001. "Escaping the Poverty Trap in Latin America: The Role of Family Factors," Cuadernos de Economía (Latin American Journal of Economics), Instituto de Economía. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile., vol. 38(114), pages 155-190. [Downloadable!]
  16. repec:dia:wpaper:dt200415 is not listed on IDEAS
  17. Orazem, Peter, 2006. "Lack of Education," Staff General Research Papers 12671, Iowa State University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  18. Alain-Désiré Nimubona & Désiré Vencatachellum, 2007. "Intergenerational education mobility of black and white South Africans," Journal of Population Economics, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 149-182, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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