El estado de salud del adulto mayor en Uruguay

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El estado de salud del adulto mayor en Uruguay

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Maximo Rossi y Patricia Triunfo

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Maximo Rossi

Abstract

A partir de la Encuesta Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento (SABE) de la OPS-OMS (2001) se estiman los determinantes del estado de salud para los adultos mayores montevideanos (60 aÃ±os y mÃ¡s). Se utilizan cuatro aproximaciones a dicho estado: limitaciones funcionales, autopercepciÃ³n, enfermedades crÃ³nicas y una combinaciÃ³n de estas dos. En este Ãºltimo caso, las estimaciones permiten afirmar el 49% de los individuos tiene probabilidad de tener un Muy Buen estado de salud, el 34% un Buen estado, y el 17% un Mal estado. Fundamentalmente dos grupos aparecen con mayor riesgo sanitario: los menos educados y las mujeres. Para el promedio de la poblaciÃ³n no se encuentran diferencias por edad, salvo al utilizar como indicador de la salud las limitaciones funcionales, aumentando la probabilidad de tenerlas para los individuos de 80 aÃ±os y mÃ¡s. Esto es compatible con la evidencia internacional en donde se encuentra que el aumento en la esperanza de vida no ha llevado a un aumento del tiempo de sufrimiento de enfermedades crÃ³nicas ni a un aumento de la tasa de prevalencia de las mismas. Una importante conclusiÃ³n, es que las condiciones en los primeros aÃ±os de vida son determinantes del estado de salud en las etapas finales de la vida. En este sentido, tanto una situaciÃ³n econÃ³mica favorable, como no haber pasado hambre y haber tenido una excelente salud en los primeros 15 aÃ±os, aumentan la probabilidad de que el adulto tenga un buen estado de salud. Como se seÃ±ala en la literatura, la expansiÃ³n en la educaciÃ³n y las mejoras nutricionales en las etapas iniciales de la vida han hecho mÃ¡s por el incremento en la longevidad que la medicina clÃnica. En un paÃs donde los niveles de pobreza se concentra en los niÃ±os, se pueden prever problemas en la depreciaciÃ³n del stock de salud, por consiguiente en la depreciaciÃ³n del capital humano, menor productividad y crecimiento de la demanda de cuidados mÃ©dicos al sector pÃºblico a medida que envejezcan las cohortes actuales

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Paper provided by Econometric Society in its series Econometric Society 2004 Latin American Meetings with number 113.

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Date of creation: 11 Aug 2004
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Handle: RePEc:ecm:latm04:113

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Paper
- Máximo Rossi & Patricia Triunfo, 2004. "El Estado de Salud del Adulto Mayor en Uruguay," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 1404, Department of Economics - dECON. [Downloadable!]

Find related papers by JEL classification:
I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Production
J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis

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