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New survey evidence on the pricing behaviour of Luxembourg firms

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Author Info
Patrick Lünnemann () (Banque centrale du Luxembourg, Monetary, Economic & Statistics Department, 2, Boulevard Royal, L-2983 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.)
Thomas Y. Mathä () (Banque centrale du Luxembourg, Monetary, Economic & Statistics Department, 2, Boulevard Royal, L-2983 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.)

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Abstract

This paper analyses the pricing behaviour of Luxembourg firms based on survey evidence. Luxembourg firms typically have low market share, many competitors and longstanding customer relationships. Price discrimination is frequently applied. A majority of firms use price review rules that include elements of state dependency. The median firm reviews and changes prices twice a year. The results suggest an almost equal share of firms applying forwardlooking, backward-looking and rules of thumb behaviour. The adjustment speed is faster when cost goes up and demand goes down than in the opposite cases. The most relevant theories explaining price rigidity are implicit contracts, cost-based pricing and explicit contracts. Increases in labour and other costs are the most important factors leading to price increases; for price reductions it is price reductions by competitors followed by declining labour costs. JEL Classification: C21; C22; C14.

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Paper provided by European Central Bank in its series Working Paper Series with number 617.

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Length: 43 pages
Date of creation: May 2006
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Handle: RePEc:ecb:ecbwps:20060617

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Related research
Keywords: Survey data price setting price rigidity adjustment speed.

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This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports: References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Dennis W. Carlton, 1987. "The Rigidity of Prices," NBER Working Papers 1813, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Patrick Lünnemann & Thomas Y. Mathä, 2005. "Consumer price behaviour in Luxembourg - evidence from micro CPI data," Working Paper Series 541, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
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  3. Rotemberg, Julio J & Saloner, Garth, 1987. "The Relative Rigidity of Monopoly Pricing," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 77(5), pages 917-26, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Hall, Simon & Walsh, Mark & Yates, Anthony, 2000. "Are UK Companies' Prices Sticky?," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 52(3), pages 425-46, July.
  5. Sam Peltzman, 2000. "Prices Rise Faster than They Fall," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 108(3), pages 466-502, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Fernando Martins, 2005. "The price setting behaviour of Portuguese firms - evidence from survey data," Working Paper Series 562, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
  7. Claudia Kwapil & Josef Baumgartner & Johann Scharler, 2005. "The price-setting behavior of Austrian firms - some survey evidence," Working Paper Series 464, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
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  8. Silvia Fabiani & Claudia Kwapil & Martine Druant & Ignacio Hernando & Bettina Landau & Claire Loupias & Fernando Martins & Thomas Y. Mathä & Roberto Sabbatini & Harald Stahl & Ad C. J. Stokman, 2005. "The pricing behaviour of firms in the euro area - new survey evidence," Working Paper Series 535, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
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  9. Patrick Lünnemann & Thomas Y. Mathä, 2005. "Nominal rigidities and inflation persistence in Luxembourg: a comparison with EU 15 member countries with particular focus on services and regulated prices," BCL working papers cahier_etude_14, Central Bank of Luxembourg. [Downloadable!]
  10. Harald Stahl, 2005. "Price setting in German manufacturing: new evidence from new survey data," Working Paper Series 561, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
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  11. Silvia Fabiani & Angela Gattulli & Roberto Sabbatini, 2004. "The pricing behaviour of Italian firms: new survey evidence on price stickiness," Working Paper Series 333, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
  12. Simon Hall & Mark Walsh & Anthony Yates, . "How do UK companies set prices?," Bank of England working papers 67, Bank of England. [Downloadable!]
  13. Luis J. Álvarez & Ignacio Hernando, 2005. "The price setting behaviour of Spanish firms: evidence from survey data," Banco de España Working Papers 0537, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
  14. Dornbusch, Rudiger, 1987. "Exchange Rates and Prices," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 77(1), pages 93-106, March.
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  15. Luis J. Álvarez & Ignacio Hernando, 2005. "The price setting behaviour of spanish firms - evidence from survey data," Working Paper Series 538, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
  16. Apel, Mikael & Friberg, Richard & Hallsten, Kerstin, 2005. "Microfoundations of Macroeconomic Price Adjustment: Survey Evidence from Swedish Firms," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 37(2), pages 313-38, April.
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  17. Silvia Fabiani & Angela Gattulli & Roberto Sabbatini, 2004. "The pricing behaviour of Italian firms: new survey evidence on price stickiness," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 515, Bank of Italy, Economic Research Department. [Downloadable!]
  18. Claire Loupias & Roland Ricart, 2004. "Price setting in France: new evidence from survey data," Working Paper Series 423, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Andreas M. Fischer & Matthias Lutz & Manueal Wälti, 2007. "Who Prices Locally? Survey Evidence of Swiss Exporters," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2007 2007-39, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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