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An Empirical Analysis of Liquidity and its Determinants in The German Intraday Market for Electricity

Author

Listed:
  • Simon Hagemann
  • Christoph Weber

    (Chair for Management Sciences and Energy Economics, University of Duisburg-Essen)

Abstract

This paper presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of liquidity in the German intraday market for electricity. Two models that aim at explaining intraday liquidity are developed. The first model considers the fundamental merit-order and intraday adjustment needs as the drivers of liquidity in a perfectly competitive market. The second model relaxes the assumption of perfect competition in the intraday market and assumes that the trading behavior of profit maximizing market participants influences the liquidity provision. The relevance of commonly used liquidity indicators like the bid ask-spread, resiliency, market depth, price variance, delay and search costs as well as trading volume and the number of trades are analyzed with respect to both models of liquidity. The empirical findings indicate that liquidity in the German intraday market can be explained by the trading model while the purely fundamental model is rejected.

Suggested Citation

  • Simon Hagemann & Christoph Weber, 2013. "An Empirical Analysis of Liquidity and its Determinants in The German Intraday Market for Electricity," EWL Working Papers 1317, University of Duisburg-Essen, Chair for Management Science and Energy Economics, revised Oct 2013.
    • Handle: RePEc:dui:wpaper:1317
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    Cited by:

    1. Fatih Karanfil and Yuanjing Li, 2017. "The Role of Continuous Intraday Electricity Markets: The Integration of Large-Share Wind Power Generation in Denmark," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Number 2).
    2. repec:dui:wpaper:1502 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Ocker, Fabian & Jaenisch, Vincent, 2020. "The way towards European electricity intraday auctions – Status quo and future developments," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    4. repec:dui:wpaper:1318 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Knaut, Andreas & Paschmann, Martin, 2017. "Price Volatility in Commodity Markets with Restricted Participation," EWI Working Papers 2017-2, Energiewirtschaftliches Institut an der Universitaet zu Koeln (EWI).
    6. Ernesto Garnier and Reinhard Madlener, 2016. "The Influence of Policy Regime Risks on Investments in Innovative Energy Technology," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Bollino-M).
    7. Kiesel, Rüdiger & Paraschiv, Florentina, 2017. "Econometric analysis of 15-minute intraday electricity prices," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 77-90.
    8. Christopher Koch & Philipp Maskos, 2020. "Passive Balancing Through Intraday Trading: Whether Interactions Between Short-term Trading and Balancing Stabilize Germany s Electricity System," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(2), pages 101-112.
    9. Valitov, Niyaz & Maier, Andreas, 2020. "Asymmetric information in the German intraday electricity market," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    10. Kuppelwieser, Thomas & Wozabal, David, 2021. "Liquidity costs on intraday power markets: Continuous trading versus auctions," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    11. Koch, Christopher & Hirth, Lion, 2019. "Short-term electricity trading for system balancing: An empirical analysis of the role of intraday trading in balancing Germany's electricity system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1-1.
    12. Hakan Acaroğlu & Fausto Pedro García Márquez, 2021. "Comprehensive Review on Electricity Market Price and Load Forecasting Based on Wind Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-23, November.
    13. Bevin-McCrimmon, Fergus & Diaz-Rainey, Ivan & McCarten, Matthew & Sise, Greg, 2018. "Liquidity and risk premia in electricity futures," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 503-517.
    14. Schlund, David & Theile, Philipp, 2021. "Simultaneity of green energy and hydrogen production: Analysing the dispatch of a grid-connected electrolyser," EWI Working Papers 2021-10, Energiewirtschaftliches Institut an der Universitaet zu Koeln (EWI).
    15. Garnier, Ernesto & Madlener, Reinhard, 2014. "Balancing Forecast Errors in Continuous-Trade Intraday Markets," FCN Working Papers 2/2014, E.ON Energy Research Center, Future Energy Consumer Needs and Behavior (FCN).
    16. Schlund, David & Theile, Philipp, 2022. "Simultaneity of green energy and hydrogen production: Analysing the dispatch of a grid-connected electrolyser," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    17. Sergei Kulakov & Florian Ziel, 2019. "The Impact of Renewable Energy Forecasts on Intraday Electricity Prices," Papers 1903.09641, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2019.
    18. Ikeda, Shin S., 2019. "Illiquidity in the Japan electric power exchange," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 14(C), pages 16-39.
    19. Alangi, Somayeh Rahimi & Bjørndal, Endre & Bjørndal, Mette, 2022. "Can the European intraday market be designed as a congestion management tool?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    20. Gürtler, Marc & Paulsen, Thomas, 2018. "The effect of wind and solar power forecasts on day-ahead and intraday electricity prices in Germany," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 150-162.
    21. Pape, Christian & Hagemann, Simon & Weber, Christoph, 2016. "Are fundamentals enough? Explaining price variations in the German day-ahead and intraday power market," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 376-387.
    22. Knaut, Andreas & Paschmann, Martin, 2019. "Price volatility in commodity markets with restricted participation," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 37-51.
    23. Garnier, Ernesto & Madlener, Reinhard, 2014. "Day-Ahead versus Intraday Valuation of Demand-Side Flexibility for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Systems," FCN Working Papers 17/2014, E.ON Energy Research Center, Future Energy Consumer Needs and Behavior (FCN).
    24. Fridgen, Gilbert & Michaelis, Anne & Rinck, Maximilian & Schöpf, Michael & Weibelzahl, Martin, 2020. "The search for the perfect match: Aligning power-trading products to the energy transition," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Intraday market; electricity; liquidity; fundamental model; trading model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L94 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Electric Utilities
    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices

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