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Efficiency and Cost Differences across Countries in a Unified EuropeanBanking Market

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Author Info
J.A. Bikker

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Abstract

This paper seeks to discover the level and spread of bank efficiency in the EU, which in the light of the current and expected increase in competition in Europe is of vital importance for welfare- related public policy toward market structure and conduct. In particular, this study focuses on differences across countries, variously sized banks (reflecting distinct market segments), various banking categories and over time. Two related but diverging dimensions of efficiency are considered: X-efficiency, measuring managerial ability, and cost level differences, reflecting national economic and institutional conditions with respect to supervisory rules, government interference, customer preferences and level of development. The observed large spreads in inefficiencies and cost levels across countries and individual banks indicate that the process of scaling up and rationalisation to be prepared for increased foreign competition, has - for at least part of the banks - only just begun.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Netherlands Central Bank in its series DNB Staff Reports (discontinued) with number 87.

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Length: 29 pages
Date of creation: 2003
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:dnb:staffs:87

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Related research
Keywords: banks; efficiency; banking category and size effects; international comparison;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Mortgages

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Allen N. Berger & Loretta J. Mester, 1997. "Inside the Black Box: What Explains Differences in the Efficiencies of Financial Institutions?," Center for Financial Institutions Working Papers 97-04, Wharton School Center for Financial Institutions, University of Pennsylvania. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Allen N. Berger & David B. Humphrey, 1997. "Efficiency of financial institutions: international survey and directions for future research," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 1997-11, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. J.A. Bikker, 2001. "Efficiency and cost differences across countries in a unified European banking market," Research Series Supervision (discontinued) 34, Netherlands Central Bank, Directorate Supervision. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Lozano-Vivas, Ana, 1998. "Efficiency and Technical Change for Spanish Banks," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 8(3), pages 289-300, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Pastor, JoseManuel & Perez, Francisco & Quesada, Javier, 1997. "Efficiency analysis in banking firms: An international comparison," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 98(2), pages 395-407, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. J.A. Bikker & J.M. Groeneveld, 1998. "Competition and Concentration in the EU Banking Industry," Research Series Supervision (discontinued) 8, Netherlands Central Bank, Directorate Supervision. [Downloadable!]
  7. Allen N. Berger & Robert DeYoung, 1997. "Problem loans and cost efficiency in commercial banks," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 1997-8, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  8. Allen, Linda & Rai, Anoop, 1996. "Operational efficiency in banking: An international comparison," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 655-672, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Battese, G E & Coelli, T J, 1995. "A Model for Technical Inefficiency Effects in a Stochastic Frontier Production Function for Panel Data," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 325-32.
  10. Battese, George E. & Corra, Greg. S., 1977. "Estimation Of A Production Frontier Model: With Application To The Pastoral Zone Of Eastern Australia," Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 21(03), December. [Downloadable!]
  11. J.A. Bikker, 1999. "Efficiency in the European banking industry: an exploratory analysis to rank countries," Research Series Supervision (discontinued) 18, Netherlands Central Bank, Directorate Supervision. [Downloadable!]
  12. Diamond, Douglas W, 1984. "Financial Intermediation and Delegated Monitoring," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 51(3), pages 393-414, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Maudos, Joaquin & Pastor, Jose M, 2001. "Cost and Profit Efficiency in Banking: An International Comparison of Europe, Japan and the USA," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 8(6), pages 383-87, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. Maudos, Joaquin & Pastor, Jose M & Seranno, Lorenzo, 1999. "Economic Integration, Efficiency and Economic Growth: The European Union Experience," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 6(6), pages 389-92, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  15. J.A. Bikker & K. Haaf, 2000. "Competition, concentration and their relationship: an empirical analysis of the banking industry," Research Series Supervision (discontinued) 30, Netherlands Central Bank, Directorate Supervision. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  16. Loretta J. Mester, 1996. "Measuring efficiency at U.S. banks: accounting for heterogeneity is important," Working Papers 96-11/R, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Jacob A. Bikker & Janko Gorter, 2008. "Performance of the Dutch non-life insurance industry: competition, efficiency and focus," Working Papers 08-01, Utrecht School of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. J.A. Bikker, 2003. "Efficiency and Cost Differences across Countries in a Unified EuropeanBanking Market," DNB Staff Reports (discontinued) 87, Netherlands Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Sophocles N. Brissimis & Matthaios D. Delis & Efthymios G. Tsionas, 2006. "Technical and Allocative Efficiency in European Banking," Working Papers 46, Bank of Greece. [Downloadable!]
  4. Mark Schonewille, 2004. "Qualitative Efficiency Assessment of Markets: An Institutional Approach to Training," HEW 0405006, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  5. Jacob Bikker & Jaap Bos, 2004. "Trends in Competition and Profitability in the Banking Industry: A Basic Framework," DNB Working Papers 018, Netherlands Central Bank, Research Department. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. J.W.B. Bos & C.J.M. Kool, 2004. "Bank Efficiency the Role of Bank Strategy and Local Market Conditions," DNB Working Papers 002, Netherlands Central Bank, Research Department. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  7. Jaap W. B. Bos & Heiko Schmiedel, 2006. "Is there a single frontier in a single European banking market?," Working Paper Series 701, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  8. Trevor Fitzpatrick & Kieran McQuinn, 2005. "Labour Cost Efficiency in UK and Irish Credit Institutions," The Economic and Social Review, Economic and Social Studies, vol. 36(1), pages 45–66. [Downloadable!]
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