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Le dilemme des Dakaroises : entre travailler et «bien travailler»

Author

Listed:
  • Agnès Adjamagbo

    (Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement,UMR IRD-Université de Provence 151)

  • Philippe Antoine

    (DIAL, IRD, Dakar)

  • Fatou Binetou Dial

    (DIAL, IRD, Dakar)

Abstract

(english) In Dakar, there exists an antagonism for a woman between working (performing an activity outside of the home) and “working well” (working for the future of her children in correctly taking care of her husband and family-in-law). Even so, more and more women are now encouraged to manage these two competing roles, which necessarily modifies relationships among spouses. The strong participation of women in urban economic activity is not a recent tendency, but tends to become more necessary to the survival of the household. Women’s professional activity is pursued as a relief of the husband’s responsibilities, and is increasing in Dakar. Because women’s professional activity is originally a reaction of survival, it is essentially confined to the informal sector; but for the educated elite woman, work plays before anything else an emancipating role. In losing its optional nature, the feminine work threatens the essential function of the husband. _________________________________ (français) À Dakar, il existe un antagonisme pour les femmes entre travailler (exercer une activité à l'extérieur de la maison) et « bien travailler » (oeuvrer pour l’avenir radieux de ses enfants en s’occupant correctement du mari et de sa belle-famille). Pourtant de plus en plus de femmes sont désormais incitées à concilier ces deux rôles concurrents, ce qui modifie nécessairement les relations entre conjoints. La forte participation des femmes à l’activité économique urbaine n’est pas une tendance récente, mais elle tend à devenir de plus en plus nécessaire à la survie des ménages. L’activité professionnelle des femmes, conçue comme relais nécessaire aux responsabilités du mari, tend à prendre de l’ampleur à Dakar. Le fait qu’elle corresponde, à l’origine, à un réflexe de survie explique en grande partie qu’elle se cantonne essentiellement dans le secteur informel ; mais chez l’élite féminine éduquée, le travail joue avant tout un rôle émancipateur. En perdant son caractère facultatif, le travail féminin menace la fonction essentielle du conjoint masculin.

Suggested Citation

  • Agnès Adjamagbo & Philippe Antoine & Fatou Binetou Dial, 2003. "Le dilemme des Dakaroises : entre travailler et «bien travailler»," Working Papers DT/2003/08, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation).
  • Handle: RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt200308
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