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L’évolution de la mobilité scolaire intergénérationnelle au Pérou depuis un siècle

Author

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  • Laure Pasquier-Doumer

    (DIAL, IEP-Paris)

Abstract

(English) Since the beginning of the twentieth century, the education system in Peru has known a considerable development. This suggests that in all probabilities opportunities for study should be on a more equal basis. In the present article, I set out to discover whether all social groups have really benefited from the development of the school system and whether this development created equal opportunities or not. I therefore analyze the evolution of educational inequalities throughout the twentieth century by basing my observations on the evolution of the relationship between the educational level attained and the sociocultural origin of the person. I then examine whether the apparently diminishing importance of this relationship is due to the opening up of a vaster field of equal opportunities or whether the principal factor is the generalized prolongation of studies. Finally, I examine what public policies could be pursued in order to increase equal educational opportunities. Thanks to the exceptional quality of the data at our disposal, this is the first time these issues can be dealt with in relationship to a developing country. _________________________________ (français) Le développement considérable de l’enseignement qui caractérise le Pérou depuis le début du vingtième siècle suggère que l’accès à l’éducation scolaire est devenu plus égalitaire. Dans cet article, je cherche à savoir si réellement le développement a profité à tous de la même manière et s’il s’est accompagné d’une égalisation des opportunités scolaires. Pour cela, j’analyse l’évolution des inégalités sociales devant l’école tout au long du vingtième siècle en étudiant l’évolution du lien entre le niveau d’éducation des personnes et leur origine culturelle. Ensuite, j’examine si le relâchement de ce lien que l’on observe s’explique par une plus forte égalité d’opportunités scolaires ou s’il n’est que le résultat de l’allongement généralisé des études. Enfin, j’étudie quelles politiques publiques pourraient être conduites pour accroître l’égalité des chances devant l’école. L’originalité de cet article est de pouvoir aborder cette problématique pour un pays en développement grâce à la base de données exceptionnelle dont on dispose ici.

Suggested Citation

  • Laure Pasquier-Doumer, 2003. "L’évolution de la mobilité scolaire intergénérationnelle au Pérou depuis un siècle," Working Papers DT/2003/02, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation).
  • Handle: RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt200302
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    Cited by:

    1. Laure Pasquier-Doumer, 2004. "Vers plus d'égalité d'opportunités scolaires ? Évolution de la mobilité scolaire intergénérationnelle au Pérou depuis un siècle," Revue d’économie du développement, De Boeck Université, vol. 12(1), pages 101-134.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    : inégalités d'opportunités; mobilité scolaire; exclusion sociale; Pérou; inequality of opportunities; educational mobility; exclusion; Peru.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion
    • J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing

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