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Price Clustering and Natural Resistance Points in the Dutch Stock Market

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Author Info
Joep Sonnemans () (CREED, FEWEC, University of Amsterdam)
Abstract

The main contribution of this study is the finding that round numbers can act as price barriers for individual stocks. In addition, a first step is made to explain this and the related phenomena of round number clustering by testing two competing hypotheses, using data from the Dutch stock market during 1990-2001. After January 1, 1999 stock prices were listed in euros, while guilders were still the currency of daily life until 2002. According to the aspiration level hypothesis investors will have target prices for the stocks they own. This hypothesis predicts that round number effects in guilders will only slowly disappear. The odd price hypothesis originates from cognitive psychology and marketing. Humans have to tendency to compare numbers digit by digit from left to right, and therefore consider an odd price of 19.90 as considerable less than 20.00. This hypothesis predicts an abrupt change in round number effects after January 1, 1999. The results reject the aspiration level hypothesis and are in line with the odd price hypothesis.

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Paper provided by Tinbergen Institute in its series Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers with number 03-043/1.

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Date of creation: 10 Jun 2003
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Handle: RePEc:dgr:uvatin:20030043

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Related research
Keywords: behavioral finance; natural experiment; price clustering.;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing

References listed on IDEAS
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  1. Christie, William G & Harris, Jeffrey H & Schultz, Paul H, 1994. " Why Did NASDAQ Market Makers Stop Avoiding Odd-Eighth Quotes?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(5), pages 1841-60, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. De Long, J Bradford & Andrei Shleifer & Lawrence H. Summers & Robert J. Waldmann, 1990. "Noise Trader Risk in Financial Markets," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 98(4), pages 703-38, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  3. Allaudeen Hameed & Eric Terry, 1998. "The Effect of Tick Size on Price Clustering and Trading Volume," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 25(7&8), pages 849-867. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Christie, William G & Schultz, Paul H, 1994. " Why Do NASDAQ Market Makers Avoid Odd-Eighth Quotes?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(5), pages 1813-40, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Aitken, Michael & Brown, Philip & Buckland, Christine & Izan, H. Y. & Walter, Terry, 1996. "Price clustering on the Australian Stock Exchange," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 4(2-3), pages 297-314, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Donaldson, R. Glen & Kim, Harold Y., 1993. "Price Barriers in the Dow Jones Industrial Average," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 28(03), pages 313-330, September. [Downloadable!]
  7. Kahneman, Daniel & Tversky, Amos, 1979. "Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 47(2), pages 263-91, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Koedijk, Kees G. & Stork, Philip A., 1994. "Should we care? psychological barriers in stock markets," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 44(4), pages 427-432, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Harris, Lawrence, 1991. "Stock Price Clustering and Discreteness," Review of Financial Studies, Oxford University Press for Society for Financial Studies, vol. 4(3), pages 389-415. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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