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Estimating Real Production and Expenditures Across Nations: A Proposal for Improving the Penn World Tables

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Author Info
Feenstra, Robert C.
Heston, Alan
Timmer, Marcel P.
Deng, Haiyan (Groningen University)

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Abstract

In this paper we propose a new approach to the international comparison of real GDP, as measured from the output-side. The traditional Gary-Khamis system, which measures real GDP from the expenditure-side, is modified to include differences in the terms of trade between countries. It is shown that this system has a strictly positive solution under mild assumptions. On the basis of a set of domestic final output, import and export prices and values for 151 countries in 1996, it is shown that differences between real GDP measured from the expenditure-side and output-side can be substantial, especially for small open economies. We also obtain cross-country measures of ?real openness? and the terms of trade.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Groningen Growth and Development Centre, University of Groningen in its series GGDC Research Memorandum with number GD-95.

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Date of creation: 2007
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Handle: RePEc:dgr:rugggd:gd-95

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Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Bernard, Andrew B & Jones, Charles I, 1996. "Comparing Apples to Oranges: Productivity Convergence and Measurement across Industries and Countries," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 86(5), pages 1216-38, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Diewert, W. Erwin, . "Axiomatic and Economic Approaches to International Comparisons," Old UBC Departmental Papers 9611, UBC Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  3. Yo Chul Choi & David Hummels & Chong Xiang, 2006. "Explaining Import Variety and Quality: The Role of the Income Distribution," NBER Working Papers 12531, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Daron Acemoglu & Jaume Ventura, 2002. "The World Income Distribution," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 117(2), pages 659-694, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Ulrich Kohli, 2006. "Terms-of-Trade Changes, Real GDP, and Real Value Added in the Open Economy: Reassessing Hong Kong's Growth Performance," Working Papers 052006, Hong Kong Institute for Monetary Research. [Downloadable!]
  2. Angus Deaton & Alan Heston, 2008. "Understanding PPPs and PPP-based national accounts," NBER Working Papers 14499, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Timothy J. Kehoe & Kim J. Ruhl, 2007. "Are Shocks to the Terms of Trade Shocks to Productivity?," NBER Working Papers 13111, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Charles P. Thomas & Jaime Marquez & Sean Fahle, 2008. "Measuring U.S. international relative prices: a WARP view of the world," International Finance Discussion Papers 917, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
  5. Alan Heston, . "What Can Be Learned About the Economies of China and India from Purchasing Power Comparisons?," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi Working Papers 229, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, India. [Downloadable!]
  6. Ippei Fujiwara & Keisuke Otsu & Masashi Saito, 2008. "The Global Impact of Chinese Growth," IMES Discussion Paper Series 08-E-22, Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies, Bank of Japan. [Downloadable!]
  7. Ricotta, Fernanda & Mannarino, Lidia & Pupo, Valeria & Succurro, Marianna, 2008. "Export quality in the machinery sector: Some evidence from main competitors," MPRA Paper 12677, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  8. Juan Carlos Hallak & Peter K. Schott, 2008. "Estimating Cross-Country Differences in Product Quality," NBER Working Papers 13807, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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