In this paper we study how value should be regained from returns. We define typical returns and their matching optimal reverse chains. We argue that integration with the forward chain provides the best opportunities, in particular when based on modular reuse. Real closed loop supply chains based on modular reuse however require closing goods flows, but also informational and market loops. To this end the interface between circular supply chain management and product life cycle management is essential. The findings are supported by many case examples and a more extensive case study at Auto Recycling Nederland.
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Paper provided by Tilburg University, Center Applied Research in its series Discussion Paper with number
2.