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A multivariate STAR analysis of the relationship between money and output

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Author Info
Rothman, P.
Dijk, D.J.C. van
Franses, Ph.H.B.F. (Erasmus Econometric Institute)

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Abstract

Using a standard 4-variable linear vector error correction model (VECM), we first show that the null hypothesis of linearity can be strongly rejected against the alternative of smooth transition autoregressive nonlinearity. An important result from this stage of the analysis is that the quarterly growth rate of money is identified as the transition variable, the variable which governs the smooth switching between regimes. This implies there is a nonlinear causal relationship between money and output. A smooth transition VECM (STVECM) is then used to examine whether money nonlinearly Granger causes output in the sense that lagged values of money enter the model's output equation as regressors. We evaluate this type of nonlinear Granger causality with both in-sample and out-of-sample analysis. For the in-sample analysis we compare alternative models using predictive accuracy tests. These results vary strongly across use of the AIC and SIC. Our use of an out-of-sample forecasting exercise to study money-income Granger causality, both linear and nonlinear, we believe is new to the literature. The forecasting results do not suggest that money is nonlinearly Granger causal for output. In fact, they show that by allowing money to nonlinearly Granger cause output, the forecasting performance of the STVECM is significantly worsened.

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Paper provided by Erasmus University Rotterdam, Econometric Institute in its series Econometric Institute Report with number EI 9945-/A Revision_Date: 2009-11-06.

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Date of creation: 12 Nov 1999
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Handle: RePEc:dgr:eureir:1765001616

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Keywords: nonlinear time series; Granger causality; forecasting;

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References listed on IDEAS
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Dimitris K. Christopoulos & Miguel Leon-Ledesma, 2008. "Testing for Granger (non)-Causality in a Time Varying Coefficient VAR Model," Studies in Economics 0802, Department of Economics, University of Kent. [Downloadable!]
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  2. Jawadi Fredj & Koubaa Yousra, 2004. "Threshold Cointegration between Stock Returns : An application of STECM Models," Econometrics 0412001, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  3. Jonathan B. Hill, 2004. "Consistent LM-Tests for Linearity Against Compound Smooth Transition Alternatives," Econometric Society 2004 North American Summer Meetings 42, Econometric Society. [Downloadable!]
  4. Jonathan B. Hill, 2004. "Causation Delays and Causal Neutralization: The Money-Output Relationship Revisited," Working Papers 0403, Florida International University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  5. Costas Milas, 2003. "Non-linear multivariate adjustment of the UK real exchange rate," City University Economics Discussion Papers 03/08, Department of Economics, City University, London. [Downloadable!]
  6. Nedeljkovic, Milan, 2008. "Testing for Smooth Transition Nonlinearity in Adjustments of Cointegrating Systems," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 876, University of Warwick, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  7. Valerie Herzberg & George Kapetanios & Simon Price, . "Import prices and exchange rate pass-through: theory and evidence from the United Kingdom," Bank of England working papers 182, Bank of England. [Downloadable!]
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  9. Gabriella Legrenzi & Costas Milas, 2005. "Non-linear real exchange rate effects in the UK labour market," Keele Economics Research Papers KERP 2005/08, Centre for Economic Research, Keele University. [Downloadable!]
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  10. Michael Dueker & Zacharias Psaradakis & Martin Sola & Fabio Spagnolo, 2009. "Multivariate Contemporaneous Threshold Autoregressive Models," Department of Economics Working Papers 2009-03, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella. [Downloadable!]
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  11. Costas Milas & Phil Rothman, 2005. "Multivariate STAR Unemployment Rate Forecasts," Econometrics 0502010, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  12. Jonathan B. Hill, 2005. "Causation Delays and Causal Neutralization up to Three Steps Ahead: The Money-Output Relationship Revisited," Econometrics 0503016, EconWPA, revised 23 Mar 2005. [Downloadable!]
  13. Robert Sollis, 2004. "Evidence on purchasing power parity from univariate models: the case of smooth transition trend-stationarity," Money Macro and Finance (MMF) Research Group Conference 2003 91, Money Macro and Finance Research Group. [Downloadable!]
  14. Jonathan B. Hill, 2004. "Efficient Tests of Long-Run Causation in Trivariate VAR Processes with a Rolling Window Study of the Money-Income Relationship," Macroeconomics 0407013, EconWPA, revised 17 May 2005. [Downloadable!]
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  15. D. van Dijk & T. Terasvirta & P.H. Franses, 2000. "Smooth transition autoregressive models - A survey of recent developments," Econometric Institute Report 200, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Econometric Institute. [Downloadable!]
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  16. Mendoza Lugo, Omar & Pedauga, Luis Enrique, 2006. "Efecto transferencia (pass-through) del tipo de cambio en los precios de bienes y servicios en Venezuela
    [Exchange rate pass-through on prices of goods and services in Venezuela]    ," MPRA Paper 14874, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  17. M Sensier & D R Osborn & N Öcal, 2002. "Asymmetric Interest Rate Effects for the UK Real Economy," Centre for Growth and Business Cycle Research Discussion Paper Series 10, Economics, The Univeristy of Manchester. [Downloadable!]
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  18. Maximo Camacho, 2002. "Nonlinear stochastic trends and economic fluctuations," Computing in Economics and Finance 2002 274, Society for Computational Economics. [Downloadable!]
  19. Jonathan B. Hill, 2004. "Consistent and Non-Degenerate Model Specification Tests Against Smooth Transition Alternatives," Working Papers 0406, Florida International University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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