We study the adoption of lean production in American manufacturing for the past fifteen years. It is based on an intensification of work and is accompanied by an increase of occupational injuries and illnesses. Thus, for detailed manufacturing industries, we proxy reorganization by an indicator "I-reorganization" computed from occupational health statistics. I-reorganization develops in high-wage sectors and is not dependent from the office technologies. It improves productivity dramatically. Labor decreases in the I-reorganized industries but I-reorganization is not skilled-employment biased. Computerization seems to be efficient only in I-reorganized industries. Gains sharing among production workers, non-production workers, profits and consumers is unbalanced and increases the inequalities. The services have a similar experience.
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Find related papers by JEL classification: J28 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Safety; Job Satisfaction; Related Public Policy L23 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Organization of Production J30 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - General D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Capital and Total Factor Productivity; Capacity E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution
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