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La demanda atendida de consultas médicas y atención urgente

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  • Álvarez, Begoña

Abstract

El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar los determinantes de la utilización de las consultas al médico y de la atención urgente en España. En el modelo teórico, los individuos se protegen frente a los riesgos financieros de la enfermedad contratando seguros sanitarios y producen salud a partir de una dotación exógena, combinando asistencia sanitaria y otros bienes de consumo cotidiano. La forma reducida de la demanda de asistencia sanitaria se estima a partir de los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de 1993, complementada en el apartado socieconámico con la Encuesta de Presupuestos Familiares de 1990-91. Las variables dependientes de los modelos de regresión son el número de consultas realizadas por los entrevistados. La comparación de los modelos econométricos propuestos muestra la superioridad de la especificación doble valla binomial negativa en la utilización de las consultas al médico y de un modelo de decisión en una sola parte basado en la distribución binomial negativa en las consultas urgentes. El método de mínimos cuadrados generalizados semiparamétricos se presenta como una técnica de estimación alternativa en este último caso. Los resultados confirman la relevancia de los factores biológicos y de los estilos de vida en las decisiones del individuo. Las características particulares del Sistema Nacional de Salud español desvirtúan el papel de la renta como determinante de la capacidad de acceso a los servicios sanitarios, pero conceden relevancia al coste de oportunidad del tiempo de los ciudadanos. Por último, no hallamos resultados concluyentes confirmen la hipótesis de una demanda inducida por la oferta en las consultas al médico.

Suggested Citation

  • Álvarez, Begoña, 1998. "La demanda atendida de consultas médicas y atención urgente," DE - Documentos de Trabajo. Economía. DE 3890, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Economía.
  • Handle: RePEc:cte:derepe:3890
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    Keywords

    Demanda de asistencia sanitaria;

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