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Intra-national versus International Trade in the European Union: Why do National Borders Matter?

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Author Info
Chen, Natalie

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Abstract

Based on the estimation of a theoretically consistent gravity equation, together with a careful computation of transportation costs across countries and industries, the Paper first provides estimates of ‘border effects’ among EU countries. The second objective is to examine the reasons for border effects. Contrarily to the previous findings reported in the literature, we show that national trade barriers do provide an explanation. In particular, technical barriers to trade, together with firm and product-specific information costs, increase border effects, whereas non-tariff barriers are not significant. Our results however suggest that these barriers are not the only cause since the spatial clustering of firms is also shown to matter.

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Paper provided by C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers in its series CEPR Discussion Papers with number 3407.

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Date of creation: Jun 2002
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Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:3407

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Related research
Keywords: border effects EU countries gravity equation industries

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Country and Industry Studies of Trade
F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration

This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. James E. Anderson & Eric van Wincoop, 2001. "Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle," NBER Working Papers 8079, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  2. Rauch, James E., 1999. "Networks versus markets in international trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 7-35, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Shang-Jin Wei, 1996. "Intra-National versus International Trade: How Stubborn are Nations in Global Integration?," NBER Working Papers 5531, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Andrew K. Rose & Eric van Wincoop, 2001. "National Money as a Barrier to International Trade: The Real Case for Currency Union," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 91(2), pages 386-390, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Bergstrand, Jeffrey H, 1989. "The Generalized Gravity Equation, Monopolistic Competition, and the Factor-Proportions Theory in International Trade," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 71(1), pages 143-53, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. McCallum, John, 1995. "National Borders Matter: Canada-U.S. Regional Trade Patterns," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 85(3), pages 615-23, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Glenn Ellison & Edward L. Glaeser, 1994. "Geographic Concentration in U.S. Manufacturing Industries: A Dartboard Approach," NBER Working Papers 4840, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  8. Carolyn L. Evans, 2001. "Border effects and the availability of domestic products abroad," Staff Reports 127, Federal Reserve Bank of New York. [Downloadable!]
  9. Jacquemin, Alexis & Sapir, Andre, 1988. "International trade and integration of the European Community : An econometric analysis," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(7), pages 1439-1449, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Keith Head & Thierry Mayer, 2002. "Illusory Border Effects: Distance Mismeasurement Inflates Estimates of Home Bias in Trade," Working Papers 2002-01, CEPII research center. [Downloadable!]
  11. Keith Head & Thierry Mayer, 2000. "Non-Europe: The magnitude and causes of market fragmentation in the EU," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer, vol. 136(2), pages 284-314, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  12. Russell H. Hillberry, 2002. "Aggregation bias, compositional change, and the border effect," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 35(3), pages 517-530, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Volker Nitsch, 2000. "National borders and international trade: evidence from the European Union," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 33(4), pages 1091-1105, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. McDonald, John F & Moffitt, Robert A, 1980. "The Uses of Tobit Analysis," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 62(2), pages 318-21, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Lionel Fontagne & Thierry Mayer & Soledad Zignago, 2004. "Trade in the Triad: How Easy is the Access to Large Markets?," Working Papers 2004-04, CEPII research center. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. James E. Anderson & Eric van Wincoop, 2003. "Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 93(1), pages 170-192, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Brülhart, Marius & Trionfetti, Federico, 2005. "A Test of Trade Theories when Expenditure is Home Biased," CEPR Discussion Papers 5097, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  4. Asier Minondo, 2007. "The disappearance of the border barrier in some European Union countries’ bilateral trade," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 39(1), pages 119-124, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. James E. Anderson & Eric van Wincoop, 2004. "Trade Costs," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 42(3), pages 691-751, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  6. Yener Kandogan, 2006. "Falling Walls and Lifting Curtains: Analysis of Border Effects in Transition Countries," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 821, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan Stephen M. Ross Business School. [Downloadable!]
  7. Sandra Poncet, 2004. "A Fragmented China," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 04-103/2, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
  8. Alessandro Turrini & Tanguy Van Ypersele, 2002. "Traders, Courts, and the Home Bias Puzzle," Working Papers 0205, University of Bergamo, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  9. Gregory Corcos & Massimo Del Gatto & Giordano Mion & Gianmarco I.P. Ottaviano, 2007. "Productivity and Firm Selection: Intra- vs International Trade," Working Paper CRENoS 200706, Centre for North South Economic Research, University of Cagliari and Sassari, Sardinia. [Downloadable!]
  10. Matthias Helble, 2006. "Border Effect Estimates for France and Germany Combining International Trade and Intra-national Transport Flows," HEI Working Papers 13-2006, Economics Section, The Graduate Institute of International Studies, revised Jun 2006. [Downloadable!]
  11. Michele Fratianni & Francesco Marchionne, 2008. "Trade Costs and Provincial Heterogeneity in Italy," Working Papers 2008-03, Indiana University, Kelley School of Business, Department of Business Economics and Public Policy. [Downloadable!]
  12. Gabriel J. Felbermayr & Benjamin Jung, . "Sorting It Out: Technical Barriers to Trade and Industry Productivity," FIW Working Paper series 014, FIW. [Downloadable!]
  13. Elisa Álvarez López & Rafael Myro Sánchez, 2005. "Specialization and openness to foreign trade in the European Union," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 12(13), pages 805-810, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. Turrini, Alessandro Antonio & van Ypersele, Tanguy, 2006. "Legal Costs as Barriers to Trade," CEPR Discussion Papers 5751, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  15. Russell Hillberry & David Hummels, 2005. "Trade Responses to Geographic Frictions: A Decomposition Using Micro-Data," NBER Working Papers 11339, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  16. Miriam Manchin & Annette O. Pelkmans-Balaoing, . "Clothes without an Emperor: Analysis of the Preferential Tariffs in ASEAN," Development Working Papers 223, Centro Studi Luca d\'Agliano, University of Milano. [Downloadable!]
  17. Claudio Paiva, 2005. "Assessing Protectionism and Subsidies in Agriculture: A Gravity Approach," IMF Working Papers 05/21, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  18. Mark, VANCAUTEREN & Bruno, HENRY DE FRAHAN, 2004. "Harmonization of Food Regulations and Trade in the Single Market : Evidence from Disaggregated Data," Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES) Discussion Paper 2004021, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES). [Downloadable!]
  19. Alessandro Olper & Valentina Raimondi, 2007. "Market access asymmetry in food trade," LICOS Discussion Papers 18707, LICOS - Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance, K.U.Leuven. [Downloadable!]
  20. Kei-Mu Yi, 2008. "Can multi-stage production explain the home bias in trade?," Working Papers 08-12, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. [Downloadable!]
  21. Salvador Gil-Pareja & Rafael Llorca-Vivero & José A. Martínez-Serrano & Josep Oliver-Alonso, . "The Border Effect in Spain," Working Papers 2004-28, FEDEA. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
    • Salvador Gil-Pareja & Rafael Llorca-Vivero & José A. Martínez-Serrano & Josep Oliver-Alonso, 2005. "The Border Effect in Spain," The World Economy, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 28(11), pages 1617-1631, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  22. Kei-Mu Yi, 2005. "Vertical specialization and the border effect puzzle," Working Papers 05-24, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. [Downloadable!]
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