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Funciones de Producción, Cambio Técnico y Crecimiento

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  • Boris Salazar Trujillo

Abstract

En economía, como en ovas disciplinas, las buenas metáforas son poderosas. Juntan lo diverso, crean orden donde sólo había un material disperso e intratable, abren regiones desconocidas al conocimiento Pero estas virtudes no siempre garantizan su éxito Lo que las vuelve parte del trabajo cotidiano de los economistas es su longevidad -esa extrana virtud que solo unas pocas grandes metáforas han logrado alcanzar en la historia de la disciplina. El modelo de crecimiento de Solow (Solow en Sen, 1979) es una de ellas. Primero, por supuesto, vino la sorpresa creadora: frente al peligroso mundo del crecimiento al filo de la navaja de Harrod y Domar (con su tenue equilibrio siempre a punto de explotar ante pequenas desviaciones con respecto a la igualdad fundamental del modelo), Solow propone el regreso aJ mundo del equilibrio a través del uso de una metáfora que parecía tener sus dominios en el mundo limitado de los textos de microeconomia, pero al que nadie, de vuelta a los anos cincuenta, le hubiera concedido posibilidades en el campo de la macroeconomia, y mucho menos del crecimiento. Hablo, claro está, de la función de producción neoclásica La propuesta de Solow era sorprendente no sólo porque trasladaba al campo del crecimiento un concepto cuyo uso requería, de por sí, algo más que el usual beneficio de la duda”, como lo planteó él mismo (1979, 385), sino porque traía consigo un conjunto de consecuencias decisivas sobre la forma de hacer teoría del crecimiento. En otras palabras, el dispositivo teórico de Solow era un modelo que era mucho más que un modelo Especie de modelo matriz, a partir del cual podían construirse infinidad de variaciones teóricas y de estimaciones empíricas, la construcción de Solow desencadenó • en otra metáfora suya* una industria creciente que, aún hoy, casi cuarenta anos después, sigue generando modelos y confrontando a los recién llegados a un campo que está en pleno período de transformación ¿Qué hay, pues, en la metáfora de Solow que la ha hecho tan exitosa? ¿De dónde proviene su atractivo? ¿Cuáles son las posibilidades de construir alternativas a su propuesta? Esas son las preguntas que este ensayo quiere enfrentar.

Suggested Citation

  • Boris Salazar Trujillo, 1994. "Funciones de Producción, Cambio Técnico y Crecimiento," Documentos de Trabajo 3997, Universidad del Valle, CIDSE.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000149:003997
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Georgescu-Roegen, Nicholas, 1970. "The Economics of Production," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 60(2), pages 1-9, May.
    2. K. J. Arrow, 1971. "The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: F. H. Hahn (ed.), Readings in the Theory of Growth, chapter 11, pages 131-149, Palgrave Macmillan.
    3. Romer, Paul M, 1990. "Are Nonconvexities Important for Understanding Growth?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 80(2), pages 97-103, May.
    4. Abramovitz, Moses, 1993. "The Search for the Sources of Growth: Areas of Ignorance, Old and New," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 53(2), pages 217-243, June.
    5. Lucas, Robert Jr., 1988. "On the mechanics of economic development," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 3-42, July.
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    1. Alejandra Miller Restrepo & Andrés Mauricio Gómez Sánchez, 2013. "Modelos de crecimiento económico iniciales y el papel asignado a la política económica," Revista de Economía del Caribe 14758, Universidad del Norte.

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