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Reflexiones Sobre La Teoría Y La Práctica Del Iva En Colombia

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Author Info
Christian R. Jaramillo H. ()
Jorge Tovar ()

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Abstract

Este trabajo discute, a la luz de la teoría tributaria, la manera de calcular el impuesto al valor agregado (IVA) de acuerdo con el Artículo 447 del Estatuto Tributario colombiano. El análisis teórico muestra que la implementación del IVA en Colombia no permite explotar todas las ventajas que el impuesto tiene en la teoría. En particular, la práctica colombiana induce cascadas tributarias y evita solo parcialmente las distorsiones en precios de bienes intermedios. A manera de ilustración, presentamos también una simulación numérica para ilustrar la magnitud del efecto de cascadas tributarias en el IVA colombiano. En este sentido, si bien el impuesto es claramente superior a un impuesto a las ventas en cada etapa de la cadena productiva, es bastante inferior al IVA teórico, resultando en tasas de tributación efectiva pueden ser el doble de las nominales. El documento demuestra, además, que la diferencia que se genera en precios según se use el método colombiano o el teórico, no genera diferencia en el recaudo real cuando el impuesto se aplica a todos los bienes. Es decir, mientras que el efecto de las cascadas será regresivo, el recaudo real no presentará variaciones.

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File URL: http://economia.uniandes.edu.co/publicaciones/5767d2007-07.pdf
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Paper provided by UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES-CEDE in its series DOCUMENTOS CEDE with number 003425.

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Length: 22
Date of creation: 15 Apr 2007
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Handle: RePEc:col:000089:003425

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Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Naito, Hisahiro, 2004. "Endogenous human capital accumulation, comparative advantage and direct vs. indirect redistribution," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 2685-2710, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Christian R. Jaramillo H. & Jorge Tovar, 2007. "Incidencia Del Impuesto Al Valor Agregado Sobre Los Precios En Colombia," DOCUMENTOS CEDE 002830, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES-CEDE. [Downloadable!]
  3. Emmanuel Saez, 2002. "Direct or Indirect Tax Instruments for Redistribution: Short-run versus Long-run," NBER Working Papers 8833, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Alan J. Auerbach, 2006. "The Choice Between Income and Consumption Taxes: A Primer," NBER Working Papers 12307, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Naito, Hisahiro, 1999. "Re-examination of uniform commodity taxes under a non-linear income tax system and its implication for production efficiency," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(2), pages 165-188, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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