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Banking Relationships and Access to Equity Capital Markets: Evidence from Japan’s Main Bank System

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Author Info
Kenji Ketsuna (Kobe University)
Janet Kiholm Smith (Claremont McKenna College)
Richard L. Smith (Drucker Graduate School of Management, Claremont Graduate University)

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Abstract

We study the role of banking relationships in IPO underwriting using a sample of 484 Japanese IPOs. Among other issues, we consider whether bank relationships lead to increased access to public equity markets, especially for smaller, lesser-known firms. When a firm in Japan goes public, it can engage an investment bank that is related through a common main bank, or can select an alternative investment bank. The main bank relationship can be an efficient way for the investment bank to acquire information generated by the main bank, but may give rise to conflicts of interest. We use data from two different investment banking regimes in Japan (a hybrid auction-method regime and a book-building regime) and find that main bank relationships give small issuers increased access to equity capital markets, but that issuers of large IPOs switch to non-related investment banks that are capable of managing large offerings. While we find evidence that investment banks seek to exploit bargaining power with related issuers, we also find that issuers respond to expected high issue cost by switching to non-related investment banks. The net result is that total issue costs through related and non-related investment banks are similar. With respect to aftermarket performance and use of offer proceeds, we find no evidence of conflict of interest or self-dealing for either the main bank or the investment bank.

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Paper provided by Claremont Colleges in its series Claremont Colleges Working Papers with number 2003-09.

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Date of creation: May 2003
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Handle: RePEc:clm:clmeco:2003-09

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Related research
Keywords: Main Bank Banking Relationships Capital Market Access IPOs Underwriting Japanese Economy

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Mortgages
G24 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Investment Banking; Venture Capital; Brokerage
L22 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Organization and Market Structure
L51 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Economics of Regulation

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