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Knowledge Transfers between Canadian Business Enterprises and Universities: Does Distance Matter?

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Author Info
Julio Rosa
Pierre Mohnen ()

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Abstract

This study examines whether the transfer of knowledge flows from universities to enterprises in Canada is hampered by the geographical distance that separates them. The transfer of knowledge flows are measured by the amount of R&D payments from business enterprises to universities that are directly reported in Statistics Canada’s survey on Research and Development in Canadian Industry. We use data from the 1997 to 2001 surveys. After controlling for unobserved individual heterogeneity, selection bias as well as for other covariates that could affect the extent of industry-university R&D transactions such as absorptive capacity, foreign control, belonging to the same province, past experience with a given university and other firm and university characteristics, it is found that a 10% increase in distance decreases the proportion of total R&D paid to a university by 1.4 percent for enterprises that do not report any codified transfer of knowledge flow, and by half as much for enterprises that report codified knowledge flows.

Cette étude vise à tester si le transfert de connaissance d’une université à une enterprise au Canada est affecté par la distance géographique qui les sépare. Les flux de transfert de connaissance sont mesurés par les montants de R-D payés par les entreprises aux universités, qui sont rapportés dans les enquêtes “Recherche et développement dans l’industrie canadienne” menées par Statistique Canada. Nous utilisons les enquêtes se rapportant aux années 1997 à 2001. Après avoir contrôlé pour l’hétérogénéité individuelle inobservable, le biais de sélection, et des facteurs observables qui peuvent influencer le montant de transactions de recherche entre universités et entreprises, tels que la capacité d’absorption des entreprises, l’appartenance à une même province, l’existence de transactions passées entre les partenaires, et d’autres caratéristiques propres aux entreprises et aux universités, nous trouvons que pour toute augmentation de 10 % de la distance qui sépare une université et une entreprise, le flux de transfert de connaissance se réduit de 1,4 % pour les entreprises qui ont des flux de transfert codifiés de connaissance et de 0,07 % pour celles qui n’ont que des flux de transfert tacites.

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Paper provided by CIRANO in its series CIRANO Working Papers with number 2008s-09.

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Date of creation: 01 Mar 2008
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Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2008s-09

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Related research
Keywords: knowledge transfer university/enterprise codified/tacit spatial proximity. transfert de connaissance entreprise/université proximité spatiale connaissance tacite/codifiée.

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O3 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Technological Change

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  1. Anthony Arundel & Aldo Geuna, 2004. "Proximity and the use of public science by innovative European firms," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 13(6), pages 559-580, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Peter Thompson & Melanie Fox-Kean, 2005. "Patent Citations and the Geography of Knowledge Spillovers: A Reassessment: Reply," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 95(1), pages 465-466, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Mansfield, Edwin & Lee, Jeong-Yeon, 1996. "The modern university: contributor to industrial innovation and recipient of industrial R&D support," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 25(7), pages 1047-1058, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Jarle Møen, 2000. "Is Mobility of Technical Personnel a Source of R&D Spillovers?," NBER Working Papers 7834, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Wolfgang Keller, 2002. "Geographic Localization of International Technology Diffusion," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 92(1), pages 120-142, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Müge Ozman, 2006. "Networks and Innovation : A Survey of Empirical Literature," Working Papers of BETA 2006-07, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, ULP, Strasbourg. [Downloadable!]
  7. Peter Thompson & Melanie Fox-Kean, 2005. "Patent Citations and the Geography of Knowledge Spillovers: A Reassessment," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 95(1), pages 450-460, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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