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Tax Evasion and Social Interactions

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Author Info
Bernard Fortin ()
Guy Lacroix ()
Marie-Claire Villeval

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Abstract

The paper extends the standard tax evasion model by allowing for social interactions. In Manski’s (1993) nomenclature, our model takes into account social conformity effects (i.e., endogenous interactions), fairness effects (i.e., exogenous interactions) and sorting effects (i.e., correlated effects). Our model is tested using experimental data. Participants must decide how much income to report given their tax rate and audit probability, and given those faced by the other members of their group as well as their mean reported income. The estimation is based on a two-limit simultaneous tobit with fixed group effects. A unique social equilibrium exists when the model satisfies coherency conditions. In line with Brock and Durlauf (2001b), the intrinsic nonlinearity between individual and group responses is sufficient to identify the model without imposing any exclusion restrictions. Our results are consistent with fairness effects but reject social conformity and correlated effects.

Cet article généralise le modèle standard de fraude fiscale en permettant la présence d’interactions sociales. Suivant la nomenclature de Manski (1993), notre modèle tient compte des effets de conformité sociale (i.e. interactions endogènes), des effets d’équité (i.e. interactions exogènes) et des effets de sélection (i.e. effets corrélés). Le modèle est testé à l’aide de données expérimentales. Les participants doivent choisir le montant déclaré de leur revenu, étant donné leur taux d’impôt, leur probabilité d’être contrôlé par le fisc et étant donné ceux de leur groupe de référence ainsi que le revenu moyen déclaré par ce dernier. L’estimation se fonde sur un modèle tobit simultané à deux bornes avec des effets fixes de groupe. Un équilibre social unique existe lorsque le modèle satisfait des conditions de cohérence. Suivant en cela Brock et Durlauf (2001b), la non-linéarité intrinsèque entre les réponses individuelles et celles du groupe est suffisante pour identifier le modèle sans avoir à imposer des restrictions d’exclusion. Nos résultats sont cohérents avec la présence d’effets d’équité mais rejettent la conformité sociale ainsi que les effets corrélés.

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Paper provided by CIRANO in its series CIRANO Working Papers with number 2004s-61.

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Date of creation: 01 Dec 2004
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Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2004s-61

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Related research
Keywords: social interactions tax evasion simultaneous tobit laboratory experiments. interactions sociales fraude fiscale tobit simultané économie expérimentale

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
H26 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Tax Evasion
D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
C24 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Truncated and Censored Models
C92 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Group Behavior
Z13 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Social Norms and Social Capital; Social Networks Economic Anthropology

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Cited by:
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  1. Yann Bramoullé & Habiba Djebbari & Bernard Fortin, 2007. "Identification of Peer Effects through Social Networks," Cahiers de recherche 0705, CIRPEE. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Bernadette Kamgnia Dia & Simon Leunkeu Wangun & Christophe Tatsinkou & Josephine Afor, 2008. "Bénéfices acquis et ciblage des pauvres dans les dépenses publiques de santé et d'éducation au Cameroun," Cahiers de recherche PMMA 2008-08, PEP-PMMA. [Downloadable!]
  3. Andrew E. Clark & David Masclet & Marie-Claire Villeval, 2006. "Effort and Comparison Income: Experimental and Survey Evidence," IZA Discussion Papers 2169, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  4. Guy Lacroix & Natalia Radtchenko, 2008. "The Changing Intra-Household Resource Allocation in Russia," Cahiers de recherche 0811, CIRPEE. [Downloadable!]
  5. Andrew E. Clark & David Masclet & Marie-Claire Villeval, 2006. "Effort and comparison income: Survey and experimental evidence," PSE Working Papers 2006-03, PSE (Ecole normale supérieure). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Claude Montmarquette & Giorgio Coricelli & Mateus Joffily & Marie-Claire Villeval, 2007. "Tax Evasion: Cheating Rationally or Deciding Emotionally?," Working Papers 0724, Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique (GATE), Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Université Lyon 2, Ecole Normale Supérieure. [Downloadable!]
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  7. Arsène Kouadio & Vincent Monsan & Mamadou Gbongue, 2008. "Réformes de politique agricole et dynamique de la pauvreté alimentaire en Côte d'Ivoire," Cahiers de recherche PMMA 2008-07, PEP-PMMA. [Downloadable!]
  8. Maher Khaznaji & Louis Phaneuf, 2008. "From the Great Inflation to the Great Moderation: Assessing the Roles of Firm-Specific Labor, Sticky Prices and Labor Supply Shocks," Cahiers de recherche 0812, CIRPEE. [Downloadable!]
  9. Guillaume R. Fréchette, 2006. "Session Effects in the Laboratory," CIRANO Working Papers 2006s-21, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
  10. Gustavo Yamada & Juan F. Castro & Arlette Beltran & Maria A. Cardenas, 2008. "Educational Attainment, Growth and Poverty Reduction within the MDG Framework: Simulations and Costing for the Peruvian Case," Cahiers de recherche MPIA 2008-05, PEP-MPIA. [Downloadable!]
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