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Tax Evasion and Social Interactions

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Author Info
Bernard Fortin ()
Guy Lacroix ()
Marie-Claire Villeval

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Abstract

The paper extends the standard tax evasion model by allowing for social interactions. In Manski’s (1993) nomenclature, our model takes into account social conformity effects (i.e., endogenous interactions), fairness effects (i.e., exogenous interactions) and sorting effects (i.e., correlated effects). Our model is tested using experimental data. Participants must decide how much income to report given their tax rate and audit probability, and given those faced by the other members of their group as well as their mean reported income. The estimation is based on a two-limit simultaneous tobit with fixed group effects. A unique social equilibrium exists when the model satisfies coherency conditions. In line with Brock and Durlauf (2001b), the intrinsic nonlinearity between individual and group responses is sufficient to identify the model without imposing any exclusion restrictions. Our results are consistent with fairness effects but reject social conformity and correlated effects.

Cet article généralise le modèle standard de fraude fiscale en permettant la présence d’interactions sociales. Suivant la nomenclature de Manski (1993), notre modèle tient compte des effets de conformité sociale (i.e. interactions endogènes), des effets d’équité (i.e. interactions exogènes) et des effets de sélection (i.e. effets corrélés). Le modèle est testé à l’aide de données expérimentales. Les participants doivent choisir le montant déclaré de leur revenu, étant donné leur taux d’impôt, leur probabilité d’être contrôlé par le fisc et étant donné ceux de leur groupe de référence ainsi que le revenu moyen déclaré par ce dernier. L’estimation se fonde sur un modèle tobit simultané à deux bornes avec des effets fixes de groupe. Un équilibre social unique existe lorsque le modèle satisfait des conditions de cohérence. Suivant en cela Brock et Durlauf (2001b), la non-linéarité intrinsèque entre les réponses individuelles et celles du groupe est suffisante pour identifier le modèle sans avoir à imposer des restrictions d’exclusion. Nos résultats sont cohérents avec la présence d’effets d’équité mais rejettent la conformité sociale ainsi que les effets corrélés.

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Paper provided by CIRANO in its series CIRANO Working Papers with number 2004s-61.

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Date of creation: 01 Dec 2004
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Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2004s-61

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Related research
Keywords: social; interactions; tax evasion; simultaneous tobit; laboratory experiments.; interactions sociales; fraude fiscale; tobit simultané; économie expérimentale;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
H26 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Tax Evasion
D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
C24 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Truncated and Censored Models
C92 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Group Behavior
Z13 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Social Norms and Social Capital; Social Networks Economic Anthropology

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References listed on IDEAS
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Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Ratbek Dzhumashev & Emin Gahramanov, 2009. "A Stochastic Growth Model with Income Tax Evasion: Implications for Australia," Economics Series 2009_05, Deakin University, Faculty of Business and Law, School of Accounting, Economics and Finance. [Downloadable!]
  2. Guy Lacroix & Natalia Radtchenko, 2008. "The Changing Intra-Household Resource Allocation in Russia," Cahiers de recherche 0811, CIRPEE. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Gerlinde Fellner & Rupert Sausgruber & Christian Traxler, 2009. "Testing Enforcement Strategies in the Field: Legal Threat, Moral Appeal and Social Information," Working Paper Series of the Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods 2009_31, Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Andrew E. Clark & David Masclet & Marie-Claire Villeval, 2006. "Effort and comparison income: Survey and experimental evidence," PSE Working Papers 2006-03, PSE (Ecole normale supérieure). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  5. Yann Bramoullé & Habiba Djebbari & Bernard Fortin, 2007. "Identification of Peer Effects through Social Networks," Cahiers de recherche 0705, CIRPEE. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Giorgio Coricelli & Mateus Joffily & Claude Montmarquette & Marie-Claire Villeval, 2007. "Tax Evasion: Cheating Rationally or Deciding Emotionally?," CIRANO Working Papers 2007s-22, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  7. Roberto Galbiati & Giulio Zanella, 2008. "The Social Multiplier of Tax Evasion: Evidence from Italian Audit Data," Department of Economics University of Siena 539, Department of Economics, University of Siena. [Downloadable!]
  8. Konrad, Kai A. & Qari, Salmai, 2009. "The Last Refuge of a Scoundrel? Patriotism and Tax Compliance," IZA Discussion Papers 4121, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  9. Guillaume R. Fréchette, 2006. "Session Effects in the Laboratory," CIRANO Working Papers 2006s-21, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
  10. Andrew E. Clark & David Masclet & Marie-Claire Villeval, 2006. "Effort and Comparison Income: Experimental and Survey Evidence," IZA Discussion Papers 2169, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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