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Asymptotic Properties of Monte Carlo Estimators of Diffusion Processes

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Author Info
Jérôme B. Detemple ()
René Garcia
Marcel Rindisbacher ()

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Abstract

This paper studies the limit distributions of Monte Carlo estimators of diffusion processes. Two types of estimators are examined. The first one is based on the Euler scheme applied to the original processes; the second applies the Euler scheme to a variance-stabilizing transformation of the processes. We show that the transformation increases the speed of convergence of the Euler scheme. The limit distribution of this estimator is derived in explicit form and is found to be non-centered. We also study estimators of conditional expectations of diffusions with known initial state. Expected approximation errors are characterized and used to construct second-order bias corrected estimators. Such bias correction eliminates the size distortion of asymptotic confidence intervals and allows to examine the relative efficiency of estimators. Finally, we derive the limit distributions of Monte Carlo estimators of conditional expectations with unknown initial state. The variance-stabilizing transformation is again found to increase the speed of convergence. For comparison we also study the Milshtein scheme. We derive new convergence results for this scheme and show that it does not improve on the convergence properties of the Euler scheme with transformation. Our results are illustrated in the context of a dynamic portfolio choice problem and of simulated-based estimation of diffusion processes.

Dans cet article, nous étudions les distributions limites d'estimateurs de Monte Carlo de processus de diffusion. Nous examinons deux types d'estimateurs. Le premier est fondé sur un schéma d'Euler appliqué aux processus originaux, tandis que le second applique le schéma d'Euler à une transformation des processus qui stabilise la variance. Nous montrons que la transformation augmente la vitesse de convergence du schéma d'Euler. La distribution limite de cet estimateur, dérivée sous forme explicite, se révèle non centrée. Nous étudions également des estimateurs d'espérances conditionnelles de diffusions à partir d'un état initial connu. Nous caractérisons les erreurs d'approximation attendues et utilisons les expressions obtenues pour construire des estimateurs corrigés du biais de deuxième ordre. La correction de ce biais élimine la distorsion de niveau des intervalles de confiance asymptotiques et nous permet d'évaluer l'efficacité relative des estimateurs. Enfin, nous dérivons les distributions limites des estimateurs de Monte Carlo d'espérances conditionnelles de diffusions avec état initial inconnu. Nous trouvons de nouveau que la transformation stabilisatrice de la variance augmente la vitesse de convergence. À titre comparatif, nous étudions également le schéma de Milshtein. Nous dérivons de nouveaux résultats de convergence pour ce schéma et montrons qu'il n'améliore pas les propriétés de convergence du schéma d'Euler avec transformation. Nos résultats sont illustrés dans le contexte d'un problème de choix de portefeuille dynamique et d'estimation de processus de diffusion par méthodes simulées.

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Paper provided by CIRANO in its series CIRANO Working Papers with number 2003s-11.

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Date of creation: 01 Apr 2003
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Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2003s-11

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Keywords: Monte Carlo errors; Monte Carlo estimators; Estimation of Diffusion Processes; Doss transformation; Discretization schemes; Erreurs de Monte Carlo; estimateurs de Monte Carlo; estimation de processus de diffusion; transformation de Doss; schémas de discrétisation;

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  1. Cox, John C. & Huang, Chi-fu, 1989. "Optimal consumption and portfolio policies when asset prices follow a diffusion process," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 49(1), pages 33-83, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  3. Gallant, A. Ronald & Tauchen, George, 2002. "Simulated Score Methods and Indirect Inference for Continuous-time Models," Working Papers 02-09, Duke University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  4. Gallant, A. Ronald & Tauchen, George, 1996. "Which Moments to Match?," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 12(04), pages 657-681, October. [Downloadable!]
  5. Duffie, Darrell & Singleton, Kenneth J, 1993. "Simulated Moments Estimation of Markov Models of Asset Prices," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 61(4), pages 929-52, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Eric Fournié & Jean-Michel Lasry & Pierre-Louis Lions & Jérôme Lebuchoux & Nizar Touzi, 1999. "Applications of Malliavin calculus to Monte Carlo methods in finance," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 3(4), pages 391-412. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Gourieroux, C & Monfort, A & Renault, E, 1993. "Indirect Inference," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 8(S), pages S85-118, Suppl. De. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Newey, Whitney K, 1990. "Semiparametric Efficiency Bounds," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 5(2), pages 99-135, April-Jun. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. R. C. Merton, 1970. "Optimum Consumption and Portfolio Rules in a Continuous-time Model," Working papers 58, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Department of Economics.
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  10. Hansen, Lars Peter & Scheinkman, Jose Alexandre, 1995. "Back to the Future: Generating Moment Implications for Continuous-Time Markov Processes," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 63(4), pages 767-804, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. repec:cup:etheor:v:12:y:1996:i:4:p:657-81 is not listed on IDEAS
  12. Chamberlain, Gary, 1987. "Asymptotic efficiency in estimation with conditional moment restrictions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 305-334, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Elerian, O. & Chib, S. & Shephard, N., 1998. "Likelihood INference for Discretely Observed Non-linear Diffusions," Economics Papers 146, Economics Group, Nuffield College, University of Oxford.
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  14. Broze, Laurence & Scaillet, Olivier & Zako an, Jean-Michel, 1998. "Quasi-Indirect Inference For Diffusion Processes," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 14(02), pages 161-186, April. [Downloadable!]
  15. Chamberlain, Gary, 1992. "Efficiency Bounds for Semiparametric Regression," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 60(3), pages 567-96, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  16. Tauchen, George E. & Gallant, A. Ronald, 1995. "Which Moments to Match," Working Papers 95-20, Duke University, Department of Economics.
  17. Eraker, Bjorn, 2001. "MCMC Analysis of Diffusion Models with Application to Finance," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 19(2), pages 177-91, April.
  18. Yacine Ait-Sahalia, 2002. "Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Discretely Sampled Diffusions: A Closed-form Approximation Approach," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 70(1), pages 223-262, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  19. Chacko, George & Viceira, Luis M., 2003. "Spectral GMM estimation of continuous-time processes," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 116(1-2), pages 259-292. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  1. Castaneda, Pablo, 2006. "Long Term Risk Assessment in a Defined Contribution Pension System," MPRA Paper 3347, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 30 Apr 2007. [Downloadable!]
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