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Effet frontiere, integration economique et "Forteresse Europe"

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Author Info
Keith Head
Thierry Mayer

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Abstract

Le mouvement d'integration europeen a suscite de nombreuses craintes de la part des pays tiers. La principale de ces craintes etait de voir le retrait des dernieres barrieres aux echanges entre pays europeens se faire au prix d'une restriction de l'acces au marche unique pour les producteurs exterieurs a l'Union. Ces inquietudes liees a la construction d'une "Forteresse Europe" etaient particulierement fortes chez les autorites japonaises et americaines pendant le processus de passage au marche unique. Nous utilisons la methodologie des effets frontieres pour etudier les fondements empiriques de ces inquietudes. L'estimation de l'impact negatif des frontieres sur les flux commerciaux constitue un nouvel instrument de mesure de l'integration economique entre pays, prenant le commerce \emph{intra-national} comme niveau de reference. Nous commencons par presenter en detail cette methodologie initiee par John McCallum en 1995 et les principaux resultats existants dans la litterature. Les problemes methodologiques d'application de cet outil sont abordes, avec une attention particuliere sur la question de la mesure de la distance entre nations et entre regions qui se revele fondamentale dans l'estimation des effets frontieres. Nous etudions ensuite dans quelle mesure les importations en provenance des Etats-Unis et du Japon d'un pays europeen representatif etaient reellement soumises a des barrieres plus importantes que les importations en provenance d'autres pays europeens. Notre etude couvre la periode 1976 - 1995 et porte sur environ 100 secteurs.

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Paper provided by CEPII research center in its series Working Papers with number 2001-06.

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Date of creation: Sep 2001
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Handle: RePEc:cii:cepidt:2001-06

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Related research
Keywords: Effets frontiere Union Europeenne Gravite

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies
F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:

  1. Krugman, Paul, 1980. "Scale Economies, Product Differentiation, and the Pattern of Trade," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 70(5), pages 950-59, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Haveman, J-D & Hummels, D, 1996. "Trade Creation and Trade Diversion : New Empirical Results," Papers 96-004, Purdue University, Krannert School of Management - Center for International Business Education and Research (CIBER).
  3. Neven, Damien J. & Roller, Lars-Hendrik, 1991. "European integration and trade flows," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 35(6), pages 1295-1309, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. John F. Helliwell, 1996. "Do National Borders Matter for Quebec's Trade?," NBER Working Papers 5215, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Keith Head & Thierry Mayer, 2000. "Non-Europe: The magnitude and causes of market fragmentation in the EU," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer, vol. 136(2), pages 284-314, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Volker Nitsch, 2000. "National borders and international trade: evidence from the European Union," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 33(4), pages 1091-1105, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. John F. Helliwell, 1996. "Do National Borders Matter for Quebec's Trade?," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 29(3), pages 507-22, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Harrigan, James, 1996. "Openness to trade in manufactures in the OECD," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(1-2), pages 23-39, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Lionel Fontagne & Thierry Mayer & Soledad Zignago, 2004. "Trade in the Triad: How Easy is the Access to Large Markets?," Working Papers 2004-04, CEPII research center. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Leo Sleuwaegen & Isabelle De Voldere, 2001. "Globalisation and the definition of the relevant geographic market in antitrust practice," Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series 2001-7, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. [Downloadable!]
  3. Keith Head & Thierry Mayer, 2002. "Illusory Border Effects: Distance Mismeasurement Inflates Estimates of Home Bias in Trade," Working Papers 2002-01, CEPII research center. [Downloadable!]
  4. Claude LACOUR (IERSO, IFReDE-GRES) & Stéphane VIROL (IERSO, IFReDE-GRES), 2005. "European regional policy: new bases, new borders? (In French)," Working Papers of GRES - Cahiers du GRES 2005-21, Groupement de Recherches Economiques et Sociales. [Downloadable!]
  5. Sandra Poncet, 2004. "A Fragmented China," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 04-103/2, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
  6. Ricart, Joan E. & Enright, Michael J. & Ghemawat, Pankaj & Khanna, Tarun & Hart, Stuart L., 2003. "New frontiers in international strategy," IESE Research Papers D/532, IESE Business School. [Downloadable!]
  7. CHEVASSUS-LOZZA Emmanuelle & GALLIANO Danielle, 2006. "Intra-firm trade and European integration: Evidences from the French multinational agribusiness," Working Papers of GRES - Cahiers du GRES 2006-24, Groupement de Recherches Economiques et Sociales. [Downloadable!]
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