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Industrial Policies and Growth: Lessons from International Experience

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  • Marcus Noland
  • Howard Pack

Abstract

The application of industrial policies (IP) to direct resources to industries considered preponderant in achieving growth has been the chosen road by many emerging economies to tackle underdevelopment. Subsidized loans, variable taxes and differentiated tariffs are frequently used. Because of the successful experiences of some South Asian industrial policies, other emerging countries feel tempted of replicating the formula. However, these should be sure first that their governments have the necessary competencies. There are also two questions to ask on the role of IPs in the growth of these countries: first, Were IPs the dominant factor in the countries’ accelerated growth? The neoclassical approach offers an alternative explanation, that the Asian miracle was mainly the result of strong macroeconomic policies implemented. The second question is: Can the problems of some Asian economies in the 1990s be explained by the prolonged application of IPs? This article finds evidence to support that economic growth was due to strong macroeconomic foundations, such as fiscal discipline, controlled inflation and adequate real exchange rate levels. These variables were the driving forces that created high levels of saving and investment. On the other hand, the implementation of IPs is difficult in a globalized world where the regulations of international trade have become very important.

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  • Marcus Noland & Howard Pack, 2002. "Industrial Policies and Growth: Lessons from International Experience," Working Papers Central Bank of Chile 169, Central Bank of Chile.
  • Handle: RePEc:chb:bcchwp:169
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    Cited by:

    1. Ronald Fischer, "undated". "Trade liberalization in Latin America: The case of Chile," Documentos de Trabajo 190, Centro de Economía Aplicada, Universidad de Chile.
    2. Jorge Marshall R., 2002. "El Camino de las Reformas," Notas de Investigación Journal Economía Chilena (The Chilean Economy), Central Bank of Chile, vol. 5(1), pages 77-82, April.
    3. Lenin Balza & Osmel Manzano, 2011. "Productivity Spillover of Resource Exploitation: Evidence from Venezuelan Industrial Surveys," EcoMod2011 3262, EcoMod.
    4. Chia-ying Liu & Juin-jen Chang, 2011. "Macroeconomic implications of a sharing compensation scheme in a model of endogenous growth," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 102(1), pages 57-75, January.
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    7. Cristián Larroulet Vignau, 2003. "Public policies and national dvelopment," Past Working Papers 30, Universidad del Desarrollo, School of Business and Economics.
    8. Loayza, Norman V. & Soto, Raimundo, 2004. "On the measurement of market-oriented reforms," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3371, The World Bank.
    9. Michele Di Maio & Giorgio Fabbri & Vincenzo Lombardo, 2016. "Heterogeneous Entrepreneurs, Government Quality and Optimal Industrial Policy," Working Papers halshs-01340051, HAL.
    10. Francisco Rosende R., 2002. "El Desafío del Crecimiento Económico en Chile," Notas de Investigación Journal Economía Chilena (The Chilean Economy), Central Bank of Chile, vol. 5(1), pages 83-88, April.
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    12. Danilo Limoeiro, 2015. "Beyond income transfers: The decline of regional inequality in Brazil during the 2000s," Progress in Development Studies, , vol. 15(1), pages 6-21, January.
    13. World Bank, 2005. "Kazakhstan : Country Economic Memorandum, Getting Competitive, Staying Competitive, The Challenge of Managing Kazakhstan's Oil Boom," World Bank Publications - Reports 8656, The World Bank Group.
    14. Carlos Massad A., 2002. "A Challenges of Economic Growth: an Overview," Journal Economía Chilena (The Chilean Economy), Central Bank of Chile, vol. 5(1), pages 5-10, April.

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