Public Transit and the Spatial Distribution of Minority Employment: Evidence from a Natural Experiment

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Public Transit and the Spatial Distribution of Minority Employment: Evidence from a Natural Experiment

Author Info

Harry Holzer (Public Policy Institute, Georgetown University)
John Quigley (University of California at Berkeley)
Steven Raphael (Goldman School of Public Policy, University of California at Berkeley)

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Abstract

A recent expansion of the San Francisco Bay Area's heavy rail system represents an exogenous change in the accessibility of inner-city minority communities to a concentrated suburban employment center. We evaluate this natural experiment by conducting a two-wave longitudinal survey of firms, with the first wave of interviews immediately prior to the opening of service and the second wave approximately a year later. We compare within-firm changes in the propensity to hire minority workers for firms located near the station to those located further away, and we also estimate the effect of employer distance to the new stations on changes in propensity to hire minorities. Our results indicate a sizable increase in the hiring of minority workers, particularly Latinos, near the new stations.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Berkeley Program on Housing and Urban Policy in its series Berkeley Program on Housing and Urban Policy, Working Paper Series with number 1020.

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Date of creation: 27 Jun 2006
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Handle: RePEc:cdl:bphupl:1020

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This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

NEP-ALL-2007-01-13 (All new papers)
NEP-GEO-2007-01-13 (Economic Geography)
NEP-URE-2007-01-13 (Urban & Real Estate Economics)

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:

Ihlanfeldt, Keith R & Sjoquist, David L, 1990. "Job Accessibility and Racial Differences in Youth Employment Rates," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 80(1), pages 267-76, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Other versions:
- Steven Raphael & Michael Stoll & HARRY HOLZER, 1998. "Are Suburban Firms More Likely to Discriminate Against African-Americans?," University of California at San Diego, Economics Working Paper Series 1998-05, Department of Economics, UC San Diego. [Downloadable!]
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- Raphael, Steven & Stoll, Michael A. & Holzer, Harry J., 2000. "Are Suburban Firms More Likely to Discriminate against African-Americans?," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(3), pages 485-508, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
M. A. Stoll & H. J. Holzer & K. R. Ihlanfeldt, . "Within Cities and Suburbs: Racial Residential Concentration and the Spatial Distribution of Employment Opportunities across Submetropolitan Areas," Institute for Research on Poverty Discussion Papers 1189-99, University of Wisconsin Institute for Research on Poverty. [Downloadable!]
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Other versions:
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- Katherine M. O'Regan & John M. Quigley, 1998. "Spatial Effects upon Employment Outcomes: The Case of New Jersey Teenagers," HEW 9803001, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
- Katherine O'Regan & John Quigley, 2006. "Spatial Effects upon Unemployment Outcomes: The Case of New Jersey Teenagers," Berkeley Program on Housing and Urban Policy, Working Paper Series 1058, Berkeley Program on Housing and Urban Policy. [Downloadable!]
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Cutler, David M & Glaeser, Edward L, 1997. "Are Ghettos Good or Bad?," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 112(3), pages 827-72, August.
Other versions:
- David M. Cutler & Edward L. Glaeser, 1995. "Are Ghettos Good or Bad?," NBER Working Papers 5163, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
- Cutler, D.M. & Glaeser, E.L., 1995. "Are Ghettos Good or Bad?," Papers e-95-6, Stanford - Hoover Institution.
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Holzer, Harry J. & Reaser, Jess, 2000. "Black Applicants, Black Employees, and Urban Labor Market Policy," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(3), pages 365-387, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
Other versions:
- Harry J. Holzer, . "Black Applicants, Black Employees, and Urban Labor Market Policy," Institute for Research on Poverty Discussion Papers 1162-98, University of Wisconsin Institute for Research on Poverty. [Downloadable!]
David T. Ellwood, 1986. "The Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis: Are There Teenage Jobs Missing in the Ghetto?," NBER Chapters, in: The Black Youth Employment Crisis, pages 147-190 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
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Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

Gobillon, Laurent & Selod, Harris & Zenou, Yves, 2005. "The mechanisms of spatial mismatch," CEPR Discussion Papers 5346, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
Other versions:
- Laurent Gobillon & Harris Selod & Yves Zenou, 2005. "The mechanisms of spatial mismatch," Research Unit Working Papers 0510, Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquee, INRA. [Downloadable!]
- GOBILLON Laurent & SELOD Harris & ZENOU Yves, 2007. "The mechanisms of spatial mismatch," Research Unit Working Papers 0701, Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquee, INRA. [Downloadable!]
Gautier, Pieter & Zenou, Yves, 2008. "Car Ownership and the Labor Market of Ethnic Minorities," IZA Discussion Papers 3814, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
Other versions:
- Gautier, Pieter A & Zenou, Yves, 2008. "Car Ownership and the Labour Market of Ethnic Minorities," CEPR Discussion Papers 7061, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
- Pieter A. Gautier & Yves Zenou, 2008. "Car ownership and the Labor Market of Ethnic Minorities," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 08-106/3, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]

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