John. Cochrane (Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago) Francis Longstaff (Anderson Graduate School of Management) Pedro Santa-Clara (Anderson Graduate School of Management)
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If stocks go up, investors may want to rebalance their portfolios. But investors cannot all rebalance. Expected returns may need to change so that the average investor is still happy to hold the market portfolio despite its changed composition. In this way, simple market clearing can give rise to complex asset market dynamics. We study this phenomenon in a very simple model. Our model has two "Lucas trees." Each tree has i.i.d.dividend growth, and the representative investor has log utility. We are able to give analytical solutions to the model. Despite this simple setup, price-dividend ratios, expected returns, and return variances vary through time. A dividend shock leads to "underreaction" in some states, as expected returns rise and prices slowly adjust, and "overreaction" in others. Expected returns and excess returns are predictable by price-dividend ratios in the time series and in the cross section, roughly matching value effects and return forecasting regressions. Returns generally display positive serial correlation and negative cross-serial correlation, leading to "momentum," but the opposite signs are possible as well. A shock to one asset's dividend affects the price and expected return of the other asset, leading to substantial correlation of returns even when there is no correlation of cash flows and giving the appearance of "contagion." Market clearing allows the "inverse portfolio" problem to be solved, in which the weights of the assets in the market portfolio are "inverted" to solve for the parameters of the assets' return generating process.
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References listed on IDEAS Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
Pavlova, Anna & Rigobon, Roberto, 2003.
"Asset Prices and Exchange Rates,"
Working papers
4322-03, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management.
[Downloadable!]
Pavlova, Anna & Rigobon, Roberto, 2004.
"Asset Prices and Exchange Rates,"
Working papers
4322-03, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management.
[Downloadable!]
Randolph B. Cohen & Christopher Polk & Tuomo Vuolteenaho, 2003.
"The Value Spread,"
Journal of Finance,
American Finance Association, vol. 58(2), pages 609-642, 04.
[Downloadable!] (restricted)
Other versions:
Randolph B. Cohen & Christopher Polk & Tuomo Vuolteenaho, 2001.
"The Value Spread,"
NBER Working Papers
8242, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
[Downloadable!] (restricted)
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