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Are UK inflation expectations rational?

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Hasan Bakhshi
Anthony Yates

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Abstract

This paper tests for unbiasedness in inflation expectations drawn from a survey of UK employees by Gallup. It focuses on the econometric difficulties presented by having a small sample, there being overlapping forecast horizons and by trying to make inference when the data appear to be non-stationary. Applying a method of inference suggested by Inder (1993) the paper concludes that measured expectations systematically overstate inflation. The paper checks the robustness of this result by looking at alternative survey data and by using alternative techniques for modelling the long run.

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Paper provided by Bank of England in its series Bank of England working papers with number 81.

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Handle: RePEc:boe:boeewp:81

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Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
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    Other versions:
  2. Carlson, John A & Parkin, J Michael, 1975. "Inflation Expectations," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 42(166), pages 123-38, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Newey, Whitney K & West, Kenneth D, 1987. "A Simple, Positive Semi-definite, Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelation Consistent Covariance Matrix," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 55(3), pages 703-08, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Barro, Robert J. & Gordon, David B., 1983. "Rules, discretion and reputation in a model of monetary policy," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 101-121. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Yerima Ngama, 1994. "A re-examination of the forward exchange rate unbiasedness hypothesis," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer, vol. 130(3), pages 447-460, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. Engle, Robert F & Granger, Clive W J, 1987. "Co-integration and Error Correction: Representation, Estimation, and Testing," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 55(2), pages 251-76, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  12. Schwert, G William, 1989. "Tests for Unit Roots: A Monte Carlo Investigation," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 7(2), pages 147-59, April.
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  13. Batchelor, R A & Dua, P, 1987. "The Accuracy and Rationality of UK Inflation Expectations: Some Quantitative Evidence," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 19(6), pages 819-28, June.
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  17. Keane, Michael P & Runkle, David E, 1990. "Testing the Rationality of Price Forecasts: New Evidence from Panel Data," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 80(4), pages 714-35, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  21. Breusch, Trevor S & Wickens, Michael R, 1987. "Dynamic Specification, the Long Run and the Estimation of Transformed Regression Models," CEPR Discussion Papers 154, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  22. Swarna D. Dutt & Dipak Ghosh, 1995. "Are Forward Rates Free Of The Risk Premium ? An Empirical Examination," International Economic Journal, Korean International Economic Association, vol. 9(3), pages 49-60, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  23. W A Razzak, 1997. "Testing the rationality of the National Bank of New Zealand's survey data," Reserve Bank of New Zealand Discussion Paper Series G97/5, Reserve Bank of New Zealand. [Downloadable!]
  24. Baghestani, Hamid, 1992. "Survey Evidence on the Muthian Rationality of the Inflation Forecasts of U.S. Consumers," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 54(2), pages 173-86, May.
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  26. Kydland, Finn E & Prescott, Edward C, 1977. "Rules Rather Than Discretion: The Inconsistency of Optimal Plans," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 85(3), pages 473-91, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  28. Fox, Kevin J, 1997. "White Noise and Other Experiments on Augmented Dickey-Fuller Tests," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 4(11), pages 689-94, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Meyler, Aidan, 1999. "The non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment (NAIRU) in a small open economy: The irish context," MPRA Paper 11363, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Emiliano Santoro & Damjan Pfajfar, 2006. "Heterogeneity and learning in inflation expectation formation: an empirical assessment," Department of Economics Working Papers 0607, Department of Economics, University of Trento, Italia. [Downloadable!]
  3. Guillaume Guerrero & Nicolas Million, 2004. "Instabilité de la courbe de Phillips aux Etats-Unis : un modèle explicatif à changements de régimes," Cahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques v04048, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1). [Downloadable!]
  4. Angelo M. Fasolo & Marcelo Savino Portugal, 2003. "Imperfect Rationality and Inflationary Inertia: a New Estimation of the Phillips Curve for Brazil," Anais do XXXI Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 31th Brazilian Economics Meeting] b34, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pósgraduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics]. [Downloadable!]
  5. David G. Blanchflower & Conall MacCoille, 2009. "The formation of inflation expectations: an empirical analysis for the UK," NBER Working Papers 15388, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Damjan Pfajfar & Emiliano Santoro, 2007. "Heterogeneity, Asymmetries and Learning in InfIation Expectation Formation: An Empirical Assessment," Money Macro and Finance (MMF) Research Group Conference 2006 123, Money Macro and Finance Research Group. [Downloadable!]
  7. Hugo Oliveros C., 1999. "Expectativas:Una Aproximación A Través De Modelos De Escogencia Discreta," BORRADORES DE ECONOMIA 002697, BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA. [Downloadable!]
  8. da Silva Filho, Tito Nícias Teixeira, 2005. "Is There Too Much Certainty When Measuring Uncertainty," MPRA Paper 16383, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  9. J.M. Berk, 2000. "Consumers' Inflation Expectations and Monetary Policy in Europe," DNB Staff Reports (discontinued) 55, Netherlands Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  10. Marcelo Savino Portugal & Angelo Marsiglia Fasolo, 2004. "Imperfect Rationality and Inflationary Inertia: A New Estimation of the Phillips Curve for Brazil," Econometric Society 2004 Latin American Meetings 5, Econometric Society. [Downloadable!]
  11. Hasan Bakhshi & George Kapetanios & Anthony Yates, . "Rational expectations and fixed-event forecasts: an application to UK inflation," Bank of England working papers 176, Bank of England. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  12. Wilbert van der Klaauw & Wändi Bruine de Bruin & Giorgio Topa & Simon Potter & Michael Bryan, 2008. "Rethinking the measurement of household inflation expectations: preliminary findings," Staff Reports 359, Federal Reserve Bank of New York. [Downloadable!]
  13. Rebecca L Driver & Jennifer V Greenslade & Richard G Pierse, . "The role of expectations in estimates of the NAIRU in the United States and the United Kingdom," Bank of England working papers 180, Bank of England. [Downloadable!]
  14. Guillaume Guerrero & Nicolas Million, 2004. "The US Phillips Curve and inflation expectations: A State Space Markov-Switching explanatory model," Computing in Economics and Finance 2004 133, Society for Computational Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  15. Hugo Oliveros, . "Expectativas: Una Aproximación a Través de Modelos de Escogencia Discreta," Borradores de Economia 137, Banco de la Republica de Colombia. [Downloadable!]
  16. Jan Marc Berk & Gerbert Hebbink, 2006. "The anchoring of European inflation expectations," DNB Working Papers 116, Netherlands Central Bank, Research Department. [Downloadable!]
  17. Martin Fukač, 2005. "Do the Measurements of Financial Market Inflation Expectations Yield Relevant Macroeconomic Information?," Czech Journal of Economics and Finance (Finance a uver), Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, vol. 55(7-8), pages 344-362, July. [Downloadable!]
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