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Bank business models: popularity and performance

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Listed:
  • Rungporn Roengpitya
  • Nikola Tarashev
  • Kostas Tsatsaronis
  • Alan Villegas

Abstract

We allocate banks to distinct business models by experimenting with various combinations of balance sheet characteristics as inputs in cluster analysis. Using a panel of 178 banks for the period 2005-15, we identify a retail-funded and a wholesale-funded commercial banking model that are robust to the choice of inputs. In comparison, a model emphasising trading activities and a universal banking model are less robustly identified. Both commercial banking models exhibit lower cost-to-income ratios and more stable return-on-equity than the trading model. In a reversal of a pre-crisis trend, the crisis aftermath witnessed mainly switches away from wholesale-funded and into retail-funded banking. Over the entire sample period, banks that switched into the retail-funded model saw their return-on-equity improve by 2.5 percentage points on average relative to non-switchers. By contrast, the relative performance of banks switching into the wholesale-funded model deteriorated by 5 percentage points on average.

Suggested Citation

  • Rungporn Roengpitya & Nikola Tarashev & Kostas Tsatsaronis & Alan Villegas, 2017. "Bank business models: popularity and performance," BIS Working Papers 682, Bank for International Settlements.
    • Handle: RePEc:bis:biswps:682
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    balance sheet characteristics; cluster analysis; discriminant analysis; model transitions; bank performance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D20 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - General
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • L21 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Business Objectives of the Firm
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance

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