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Los Precios y el Impacto de la Industria en el Crecimiento Económico: Los Casos Inglés (1770-1840) y Colombiano (1923-1998)

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Author Info
Carlos Esteban Posada ()
Edgar Trujillo ()

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Abstract

El desarrollo de las actividades industriales puede tener varios efectos positivos en el crecimiento económico general. En este ensayo examinamos las consecuencias de un cambio técnico industrial en el resto de la economía a través de su efecto en los precios de los bienes industriales. Las predicciones de nuestro ejercicio teórico, basado en un modelo de equilibrio económico bisectorial, son contrastadas con la evidencia empírica de dos casos: el inglés (1770-1840) y el colombiano (1923-1998). En el caso inglés, la evidencia que actualmente se acepta indica de manera clara que el cambio técnico en la industria manufacturera fue un factor importante en la reducción de los precios relativos de los bienes industriales y en la aceleración del crecimiento del conjunto de la economía desde fines del siglo XVIII y hasta mediados del XIX, tal como lo describe nuestro modelo teórico. En el caso colombiano la evidencia disponible sugiere que el mecanismo previamente mencionado (cambio técnico en la actividad manufacturera que reduce los precios industriales y, por tanto, acelera el crecimiento económico) solo ha operado de manera esporádica, con notables y prolongadas interrupciones, y, al menos aparentemente, con debilidad.

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Paper provided by Banco de la Republica de Colombia in its series Borradores de Economia with number 312.

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Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:312

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Related research
Keywords: industria; cambio técnico; precios relativos; crecimiento económico.;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
L16 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure
O12 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O14 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
O41 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
O52 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Europe
O54 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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  2. Rodrik, Rani, 1995. "Trade and industrial policy reform," Handbook of Development Economics, in: Hollis Chenery† & T.N. Srinivasan (ed.), Handbook of Development Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 45, pages 2925-2982 Elsevier. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Ana Fernandes, 2002. "Trade Policy, Trade Volumes and Plant-Level Productivity in Colombian Manufacturing Industries," Working Papers 847, Economic Growth Center, Yale University. [Downloadable!]
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  9. Rana Hasan & M. G. Quibria, 2004. "Industry Matters for Poverty: A Critique of Agricultural Fundamentalism," Kyklos, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 57(2), pages 253-264, 05. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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