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Crecimiento y Ciclos Económicos en Colombia en el Siglo XX: El aporte de un VAR Estructural

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Martha Misas ()
Carlos Esteban Posada ()

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Abstract

El presente artículo describe el diseño y presenta la estimación y los principales resultados de un modelo "VAR estructural" de 4 variables (términos de intercambio, producto real, gasto público real y base monetaria nominal) para la economía colombiana con series de frecuencia anual del período 1925-1997. El modelo permitió construir las series del producto permanente de la economía y de su brecha (gap) cíclica. La ventaja del presente estudio frente a otros ya realizados se basa en la extensión de las series utilizadas, desde 1925 hasta 1997, lo cual nos permite una mayor aproximación al verdadero largo plazo, y en la utilización de una variable que, a juicio de los historiadores de la economía colombiana, ha sido de la mayor importancia para la explicación de su crecimiento y ciclos: La fluctuación de los términos de intercambio. Según sus resultados la principal fuente de crecimiento y fluctuaciones ha sido el conjunto de shocks provenientes del lado de la oferta agregada. Un análisis detallado de algunas coyunturas permite deducir que los resultados son pertinentes en algunos casos, pero anómalos en los casos en los cuales un extraordinario shock de términos de intercambio causó el movimiento cíclico.

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Paper provided by Banco de la Republica de Colombia in its series Borradores de Economia with number 155.

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  1. Dickey, David A & Fuller, Wayne A, 1981. "Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(4), pages 1057-72, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Martha Misas & Enrique López, . "El Producto Potencial en Colombia: Una Estimación Bajo VAR Estructural," Borradores de Economia 094, Banco de la Republica de Colombia. [Downloadable!]
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  3. Luis Eduardo Arango, . "Temporary and Permanent Components of Colombia's Output," Borradores de Economia 096, Banco de la Republica de Colombia. [Downloadable!]
  4. Blanchard, Olivier Jean & Quah, Danny, 1989. "The Dynamic Effects of Aggregate Demand and Supply Disturbances," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 79(4), pages 655-73, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Dupasquier, Chantal & Guay, Alain & St-Amant, Pierre, 1999. "A Survey of Alternative Methodologies for Estimating Potential Output and the Output Gap," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 577-595, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Alain DeSerres, & Alain Guay & Pierre St-Amant, . "Estimating and Projecting Potential Output Using Structural VAR Methodology: The Case of the Mexican Economy," Working Papers 95-2, Bank of Canada. [Downloadable!]
  7. Joseph P Joyce & Linda Kamas, 1997. "La Importancia Relativa De Los Choquesexternos Y Domésticos Para La Producción Y Los Precios En México Y Colombia," ENSAYOS SOBRE POLÍTICA ECONÓMICA, BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA - ESPE. [Downloadable!]
  8. Matthew D. Shapiro & Mark W. Watson, 1988. "Sources of Business Cycle Fluctuations," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 870, Cowles Foundation, Yale University. [Downloadable!]
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  9. Kwark, Noh-Sun, 1999. "Sources of international business fluctuations: Country-specific shocks or worldwide shocks?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(2), pages 367-385, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Denis Kwiatkowski & Peter C.B. Phillips & Peter Schmidt, 1991. "Testing the Null Hypothesis of Stationarity Against the Alternative of a Unit Root: How Sure Are We That Economic Time Series Have a Unit Root?," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 979, Cowles Foundation, Yale University. [Downloadable!]
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  11. St-Amant, P. & Tessier, D., 1998. "A Discussion of the Reliability of Results Obtained with Long-Run Identifying Restrictions," Working Papers 98-4, Bank of Canada. [Downloadable!]
  12. Cheung, Yin-Wong & Lai, Kon S, 1993. "Finite-Sample Sizes of Johansen's Likelihood Ration Tests for Conintegration," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 55(3), pages 313-28, August.
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  1. Luis Eduardo Arango & Ana María Iregui & Luis Fernando Melo, 2003. "Recent Behavior of Outpout , Unemployment, Wages and Prices in Colombia: What went wrong?," BORRADORES DE ECONOMIA 003417, BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA. [Downloadable!]
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