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Competition in Banking: A Review of the Literature

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Author Info
Carol Ann Northcott

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Abstract

The author reviews the theoretical and empirical literature to examine the traditional perception that the following trade-off exists between economic efficiency and stability in the banking system: a competitive banking system is more efficient and therefore important to growth, but market power is necessary for stability in the banking system. That this trade-off exists is not clear. Market power can have positive implications for efficiency, and the potentially negative implications of competition on stability may be manageable through prudential regulation. Neither extreme (perfect competition nor monopoly) is likely ideal. Rather, it may be optimal to facilitate an environment that promotes competitive behaviour (contestability), thereby minimizing the potential costs of market power while realizing benefits from any residual that remains. It can be very difficult to assess the contestability of a banking market. Recent work suggests that the number of banks and the degree of concentration are not, in themselves, sufficient indicators of contestability. Other factors play a strong role, including regulatory policies that promote competition, a well-developed financial system, the effects of branch networks, and the effect and uptake of technological advancements.

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Paper provided by Bank of Canada in its series Working Papers with number 04-24.

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Length: 44 pages
Date of creation: 2004
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Handle: RePEc:bca:bocawp:04-24

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Related research
Keywords: Financial institutions Financial services Market structure and pricing

Find related papers by JEL classification:
G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Mortgages
L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms
L12 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Monopoly; Monopolization Strategies
L13 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
L16 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure

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References listed on IDEAS
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Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Judit Montoriol, 2006. "The Efect of Relationship Lending on Firm Performance," Working Papers 200605, Department of Business Economics, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona. [Downloadable!]
  2. Manlagnit, Ma. Chelo V. & Lamberte, Mario B., 2004. "Evaluating the Impacts of Competition Policy Reforms on the Efficiency of Philippine Commercial Banks," Discussion Papers DP 2004-46, Philippine Institute for Development Studies. [Downloadable!]
  3. KV, Bhanu Murthy & Deb, Ashis Taru, 2008. "Theoretical Framework Of Competition As Applied To Banking Industry," MPRA Paper 7465, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  4. Juan Ayuso & Jorge Martínez, 2006. "Assessing banking competition: an application to the Spanish market for (quality-changing) deposits," Banco de España Working Papers 0623, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
  5. Andrea M. Maechler & Sandra Marcelino & Paulo Flavio Nacif Drummond, 2007. "Italy-Assessing Competition and Efficiency in the Banking System," IMF Working Papers 07/26, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  6. Stephane Tywoniak & Peter Galvin & Jennifer Davies, 2007. "New Institutional Economics' contribution to strategic groups analysis," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(3), pages 213-228. [Downloadable!]
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