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Reforma de las pensiones y política fiscal: algunas lecciones de Chile

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Author Info
Angel Muñoz
Angel Melguizo
David Tuesta
Joaquín Vial

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Abstract

En este documento analizamos los costes fiscales a corto y medio plazo derivados de la reforma estructural del sistema de pensiones, tomando a Chile como ejemplo. El sistema de pensiones chileno, basado en cuentas de capitalización individual gestionadas por el sector privado está funcionando desde hace casi 30 años, lo que permite analizar con garantías el impacto de los sistemas de pensiones privados en las cuentas públicas. Además, en la actualidad se está implementando una reforma que cambia radicalmente el pilar solidario. En este documento sostenemos que aunque los costes de la transición fiscal son mucho menores que sus beneficios, suelen ser altos y persistentes, por lo que es aconsejable una consolidación fiscal antes de embarcarse en el proceso. Esto también permite solventar la falta de cobertura que provoca la informalidad del mercado de trabajo, como se demuestra para Chile, Colombia, México y Perú. Finalmente, en términos más generales, la posibilidad de “exportar” este tipo de reforma de las pensiones no solo depende de su diseño específico, si no de la calidad las instituciones públicas y de regulación del mercado.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by BBVA Bank, Economic Research Department in its series Working Papers with number 913.

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Date of creation: Jul 2009
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Handle: RePEc:bbv:wpaper:913

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Related research
Keywords: "Reforma de las pensiones; deuda implícita; costes fiscales; pilar solidario; pensión mínima; Chile";

Find related papers by JEL classification:
E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy
H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions
H68 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Forecasts of Budgets, Deficits, and Debt

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This page was last updated on 2009-11-22.

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