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A Dynamic Game of Technology Diffusion under an Emission Trading Regulation: A Pilot Experiment

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Author Info
Ivana Capozza () (Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche, Università degli Studi di Bari, Via Camillo Rosalba 53, BARI)
Abstract

In this paper we investigate how the interaction between the product and the emission permit markets may affect firms' propensity to adopt cleaner technologies. The adoption of a cleaner technology has the direct effect of reducing the compliance cost of the firm, but it also involves a strategic decision, if the industry is not perfectly competitive. We look at this problem from both a theoretical and an experimental point of view. We develop a model of duopoly, in which two firms engage in quantity competition in the output market and behave as price takers in the permit market. Firms have the possibility of investing in a cleaner production technology, which is available on the market at some cost. We set up a dynamic game over an infinite horizon in order to investigate firms' investment decisions: in each period, each firm decides whether to invest in the new technology or not. The stationary equilibria to this game crucially depend on both the cost of switching to the cleanest technology and the emission cap. Technology diffusion is one of the possible equilibria of the game. In order to test the predictions of the theory, we design and implement an "innovation experiment" that replicates the "innovation game". The results of our pilot experiment suggest that firms' behaviour will eventually lead to innovation diffusion.

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Paper provided by Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche - Università di Bari in its series series with number 0008.

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Related research
Keywords: tradable permits; technology adoption; oligopoly; laboratory experiments;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
C91 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
L13 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
Q28 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Government Policy

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References listed on IDEAS
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  1. Fershtman,C. & de Zeeuw,A., 1995. "Tradeable Emission Permits in Oligopoly," Papers 45-95, Tel Aviv - the Sackler Institute of Economic Studies.
    Other versions:
  2. Montero, Juan-Pablo, 2002. "Permits, Standards, and Technology Innovation," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 23-44, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Requate, Till, 1998. "Incentives to innovate under emission taxes and tradeable permits," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 139-165, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Laffont, Jean-Jacques & Tirole, Jean, 1996. "Pollution permits and compliance strategies," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(1-2), pages 85-125, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Jaffe Adam B. & Stavins Robert N., 1995. "Dynamic Incentives of Environmental Regulations: The Effects of Alternative Policy Instruments on Technology Diffusion," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages S43-S63, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Jung, Chulho & Krutilla, Kerry & Boyd, Roy, 1996. "Incentives for Advanced Pollution Abatement Technology at the Industry Level: An Evaluation of Policy Alternatives," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 30(1), pages 95-111, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Montgomery, W. David, 1972. "Markets in licenses and efficient pollution control programs," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 5(3), pages 395-418, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Adam Jaffe & Richard Newell & Robert Stavins, 2002. "Environmental Policy and Technological Change," Environmental & Resource Economics, European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 22(1), pages 41-70, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Parry, Ian & Pizer, William & Fischer, Carolyn, 1998. "Instrument Choice for Environmental Protection When Technological Innovation is Endogenous," Discussion Papers dp-99-04, Resources For the Future. [Downloadable!]
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  10. Milliman, Scott R. & Prince, Raymond, 1989. "Firm incentives to promote technological change in pollution control," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 17(3), pages 247-265, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. Downing, Paul B. & White, Lawrence J., 1986. "Innovation in pollution control," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 18-29, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Laffont, Jean-Jacques & Tirole, Jean, 1996. "Pollution permits and environmental innovation," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(1-2), pages 127-140, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  13. Denicolo, Vincenzo, 1999. "Pollution-Reducing Innovations under Taxes or Permits," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 51(1), pages 184-99, January.
    Other versions:
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