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Universal Structure of the Personal Income Distribution

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  • Wataru Souma
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    Abstract

    We investigate the Japanese personal income distribution in the high income range over the 112 years 1887-1998, and that in the middle income range over the 44 years 1955-98. It is observed that the distribution pattern of the lognormal with power law tail is the universal structure. However the indexes specifying the distribution differ from year to year. One of the index characterizing the distribution is the mean value of the lognormal distribution; the mean income in the middle income range. It is found that this value correlates linearly with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). To clarify the temporal change of the equality or inequality of the distribution, we analyze Pareto and Gibrat indexes, which characterize the distribution in the high income range and that in the middle income range respectively. It is found for some years that there is no correlation between the high income and the middle income. It is also shown that the mean value of Pareto index equals to 2, and the change of this index is effected by the change of the asset price. From these analysis we derive four constraints that must be satisfied by mathematical models.

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    File URL: http://arxiv.org/pdf/cond-mat/0011373
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    Paper provided by arXiv.org in its series Papers with number cond-mat/0011373.

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    Date of creation: Nov 2000
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    Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:cond-mat/0011373

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    Web page: http://arxiv.org/

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    Cited by:
    1. Jiandong Chen & Dai Dai & Ming Pu & Wenxuan Hou & Qiaobin Feng, 2010. "The trend of the Gini coefficient of China," Brooks World Poverty Institute Working Paper Series 10910, BWPI, The University of Manchester.
    2. Geoff Willis, 2004. "Laser Welfare: First Steps in Econodynamic Engineering," Microeconomics 0408003, EconWPA.
    3. Wataru Souma, 2002. "Physics of Personal Income," Papers cond-mat/0202388, arXiv.org.
    4. G. Willis & J. Mimkes, 2004. "Evidence for the Independence of Waged and Unwaged Income, Evidence for Boltzmann Distributions in Waged Income, and the Outlines of a Coherent Theory of Income Distribution," Papers cond-mat/0406694, arXiv.org.
    5. Chakrabarti, Anindya S. & Chakrabarti, Bikas K., 2010. "Statistical theories of income and wealth distribution," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, vol. 4(4), pages 1-31.

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