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Universal Structure of the Personal Income Distribution

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Author Info
Wataru Souma
Abstract

We investigate the Japanese personal income distribution in the high income range over the 112 years 1887-1998, and that in the middle income range over the 44 years 1955-98. It is observed that the distribution pattern of the lognormal with power law tail is the universal structure. However the indexes specifying the distribution differ from year to year. One of the index characterizing the distribution is the mean value of the lognormal distribution; the mean income in the middle income range. It is found that this value correlates linearly with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). To clarify the temporal change of the equality or inequality of the distribution, we analyze Pareto and Gibrat indexes, which characterize the distribution in the high income range and that in the middle income range respectively. It is found for some years that there is no correlation between the high income and the middle income. It is also shown that the mean value of Pareto index equals to 2, and the change of this index is effected by the change of the asset price. From these analysis we derive four constraints that must be satisfied by mathematical models.

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File URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0011373
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Paper provided by arXiv.org in its series Quantitative Finance Papers with number cond-mat/0011373.

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Date of creation: Nov 2000
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Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:cond-mat/0011373

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  1. Geoff Willis, 2004. "Laser Welfare: First Steps in Econodynamic Engineering," Microeconomics 0408003, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  2. Geoff Willis & Juergen Mimkes, 2004. "Evidence for the Independence of Waged and Unwaged Income, Evidence for Boltzmann Distributions in Waged Income, and the Outlines of a Coherent Theory of Income Distribution," Microeconomics 0408001, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
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