This paper conducts a comprehensive study of both intra-office and cross-office patent citations indicated in patents granted to Belgian corporate applicants by the United States and European patent offices during the period between 1996 and 2000. It employs a qualitative response variable analysis (with possibly asymmetric probability distribution) to patent citations in different industries. The modeling results conclude that there are different patterns of citation behavior in patents, which belong to different industrial classes. Patents in some industries are more likely to have inter-firm or inter-industry spillovers, but there are industries with more intra-firm or intra-industry patent citation patterns. Concerning the relationship between the probability of a citation to occur in a particular industry and the relative time lag between the citing and cited patents, we also observe different pictures depending on the industry of the citing patent. In general, successful R&D cooperation stimulating policies must take into account those differences in order to balance market driven incentives and direct interventions.
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Paper provided by University of Antwerp, Faculty of Applied Economics in its series Working Papers with number
2002012.