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Valoración de Áreas Marinas Protegidas desde la perspectiva de los usuarios de recursos: conciliando enfoques cuantitativos individuales con enfoques cualitativos colectivos

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  • Moreno-Sánchez, Rocio del Pilar
  • Maldonado, Jorge Higinio
  • Gutiérrez, Camilo Andrés
  • Rubio, Melissa

Abstract

La valoración económica tradicional (VE) se ha constituido en una herramienta fundamental para apoyar el establecimiento de áreas marinas protegidas como la estrategia preferida para la conservación de los ecosistemas marinos y costeros y de los servicios que éstos proveen. Sin embargo, generalmente, estos ejercicios estiman los beneficios que la conservación genera a actores situados fuera de las mismas, quienes no hacen uso extractivo de los recursos como su principal fuente de alimento e ingresos, y han ignorado los valores que las comunidades locales otorgan a los ecosistemas que las rodean, o los costos de oportunidad que las comunidades locales, usuarias de recursos, asumen cuando deben enfrentar las restricciones que imponen las AMPs en el acceso a los recursos. Adicionalmente, se ha cuestionado la pertinencia de realizar VE en contextos locales porque su implementación aún enfrenta desafíos prácticos, metodológicos, éticos y políticos. Siguiendo las recomendaciones de The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB), este estudio propone una metodología de valoración económica que es innovadora, porque combina herramientas cualitativas de valoración que permiten capturar la importancia relativa que los usuarios locales otorgan a los ecosistemas, y a los diversos servicios que proveen, con herramientas cuantitativas estándares de la VE, experimentos de elección, que permiten capturar la disponibilidad a aceptar restricciones en el uso de recursos impuestas por el establecimiento de AMPs. La metodología propuesta incorpora enfoques de valoración colectiva y deliberación grupal, en donde la construcción participativa de los escenarios de base y de cambio permite un mejor entendimiento, por parte de los usuarios de recursos, de la situación hipotética a valorar.

Suggested Citation

  • Moreno-Sánchez, Rocio del Pilar & Maldonado, Jorge Higinio & Gutiérrez, Camilo Andrés & Rubio, Melissa, 2013. "Valoración de Áreas Marinas Protegidas desde la perspectiva de los usuarios de recursos: conciliando enfoques cuantitativos individuales con enfoques cualitativos colectivos," Documentos CEDE Series 161374, Universidad de Los Andes, Economics Department.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:ulaedd:161374
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.161374
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use;

    JEL classification:

    • C25 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions; Probabilities
    • C81 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data; Data Access
    • Q01 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - General - - - Sustainable Development
    • Q22 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Fishery
    • Q51 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Valuation of Environmental Effects
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

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