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U.S. Demand for Food: Household Expenditures, Demographics, and Projections

Author

Listed:
  • Blaylock, James R.
  • Smallwood, David M.

Abstract

Higher income households spend more per person on most food groups, especially beef, fish, cheese, vegetables, butter, and alcoholic beverages, than do lower income households. Elderly Americans spend less than younger people on food away from home and alcoholic beverages. Households in the Northeast and West spend more on food than those in the South and North Central regions, and nonblacks spend more on food than do blacks. Per person spending on food varies little across seasons. This study uses tobit analysis of the 1980-81 Continuing Consumer Expenditure Survey of the Bureau of Labor Statistics to measure effects of income and other demographic factors on per person spending for 28 food groups and alcoholic beverages. The results are combined with projections of income, age distribution, regional population shifts, racial mix, and population growth to project food spending to the year 2020. Food groups projected to increase most are food away from home, fish, fresh fruits and vegetables, and alcoholic beverages.

Suggested Citation

  • Blaylock, James R. & Smallwood, David M., 1986. "U.S. Demand for Food: Household Expenditures, Demographics, and Projections," Technical Bulletins 157011, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uerstb:157011
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.157011
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Blaylock, James R. & Smallwood, David M., 1983. "Effects of Household Socioeconomic Features on Dairy Purchases," Technical Bulletins 157654, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    2. Salathe, Larry, 1979. "An Empirical Comparison of Functional Forms for Engel Relationships," Journal of Agricultural Economics Research, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, vol. 31(2), pages 1-6, April.
    3. McDonald, John F & Moffitt, Robert A, 1980. "The Uses of Tobit Analysis," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 62(2), pages 318-321, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Aldrich, Lorna, 1999. "Consumer Use of Information: Implications for Food Policy," Miscellaneous Publications 330083, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    2. Gould, Brian W., 1996. "Consumer Promotion And Purchase Timing: The Case Of Cheese," Staff Papers 12664, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    3. Chenhong Peng & Paul S. F. Yip & Yik Wa Law, 2020. "What Factors Beyond Economic Poverty Lead People in High-income Societies to Feel Poor? Evidence from Hong Kong," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 152(3), pages 991-1027, December.
    4. Alston, Julian M. & Carman, Hoy F. & Chalfant, James A. & Crespi, John M. & Sexton, Richard J. & Venner, Raymond J., 1998. "The California Prune Board's Promotion Program: An Evaluation," Research Reports 11926, University of California, Davis, Giannini Foundation.
    5. Dicks, Michael R. & Harvey, David J., 1990. "Outlook for U.S. aquaculture," Agricultural Outlook Forum Archive 1923 - 1997 326661, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Outlook Forum.
    6. Gould, Brian W. & Cox, Thomas L. & Perali, Carlo Federico, 1990. "The Demand For Fluid Milk Products In The U.S.: A Demand Systems Approach," Western Journal of Agricultural Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, July.
    7. Connor, John M., 1991. "Northern America as a Precursor of Changes in Western European Food Purchasing Patterns," Occasional Papers 233063, Regional Research Project NC-194: Organization and Performance of World Food Systems.
    8. Halbrendt, Catherine K. & Bacon, J. Richard & Wirth, Ferdinand F., 1991. "Preferences Of Mid-Atlantic Seafood Buyers Toward Farm-Raised Hybrid Striped Bass," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 22(2), pages 1-14, June.
    9. Brandt, Jon & Wilkinson, Ann, 1989. "Incorporating Demographic Information in an Almost Ideal Demand System," 1989 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 2, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 270664, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    10. Adelaja, Adesoji O. & Brumfield, Robin G. & Lininger, Kimberly, 1990. "Product Differentiation And State Promotion Of Farm Produce: An Analysis Of The Jersey Fresh Tomato," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 21(3), pages 1-14, September.
    11. Brian W. Gould & Huei Chin Lin, 1994. "The demand for cheese in the United States: The role of household composition," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 10(1), pages 43-59.
    12. Brian W. Gould, 1996. "Consumer Promotion and Purchase Timing: The Case of Cheese," Wisconsin-Madison Agricultural and Applied Economics Staff Papers 396, Wisconsin-Madison Agricultural and Applied Economics Department.
    13. Perso, Robin K. & Brandt, Jon A. & Johnson, Stanley R., 1987. "Food Consumption Patterns Of The U.S. Population: Projected Impacts And Implications," 1987 Annual Meeting, August 2-5, East Lansing, Michigan 269916, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    14. Brian Gould, 1997. "Consumer promotion and purchase timing: the case of cheese," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(4), pages 445-457.
    15. Brian GOULD, 1996. "Consumer Promotion And Purchase Timing: The Case Of Cheese," Staff Papers 396, University of Wisconsin Madison, AAE.
    16. Noel Blisard & James R. Blaylock, 1994. "Food expenditure projections: 1990-2010," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 10(2), pages 105-114.
    17. Girju Marina M & Adams Michelle J & Ratchford Brian, 2010. "DemoImpact: Modeling, Forecasting and Managing the Impact of Major US Sociodemographic Trends on Multi-Category Snack Consumption," Review of Marketing Science, De Gruyter, vol. 8(2), pages 1-20, July.
    18. Haidacher, Richard C. & Blaylock, James R. & Myers, Lester H., 1988. "Consumer Demand for Dairy Products," Agricultural Economic Reports 308041, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    19. Brandt, Jon & Wilkinson, Ann, 1989. "Incorporating Demographic Information in an Almost Ideal Demand System," Working Papers 256738, University of Missouri Columbia, Department of Agricultural Economics.
    20. Blaylock, James & Smallwood, David & Kassel, Kathleen & Variyam, Jay & Aldrich, Lorna, 1999. "Economics, food choices, and nutrition," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 24(2-3), pages 269-286, May.
    21. McLean-Meyinsse, Patricia E., 1999. "An Analysis Of Factors Affecting Consumers' Decisions To Shop At Stores Offering Specialty Meat," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 30(1), pages 1-6, March.
    22. Mori, Hiroshi & Clason, Dennis L., 2004. "A Cohort Approach for Predicting Future Eating Habits: The Case of At-Home Consumption of Fresh Fish and Meat in an Aging Japanese Society," International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, International Food and Agribusiness Management Association, vol. 7(1), pages 1-20.

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