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Análise Da Sustentabilidade Da Produção De Biodiesel No Brasil

Author

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  • Santos Junior, Silvio
  • Dias, Marcelo Fernandes Pacheco
  • Mendonca, Erica Silva
  • Rosa, Nadir Paula Da
  • Silva, Tania Nunes da

Abstract

Muitos compostos químicos são encontrados na atmosfera terrestre atuando como “gases de efeito estufa”. Eles são importantes uma vez que impedem a reflexão total dos raios solares, Entretanto, os níveis de alguns desses gases, principalmente o gás carbônico (CO2), vem aumentando a uma taxa de 25% desde o processo de industrialização em larga escala, iniciado a 150 anos atrás. Nos últimos 20 anos o CO2 vem correspondendo a 84% dos gases provenientes das atividades humanas, e, 82% dele é resultante da queima de combustíveis fósseis. Considerando que o aumento da população e o surgimento de novas tecnologias continuam demandando energia de forma incremental, é imperativo a busca de soluções energéticas alternativas, mais sustentáveis. Neste contexto, a produção de biodiesel, que é um combustível oriundo de biomassa, e que tem por objetivo substituir o óleo diesel, é uma alternativa. O presente artigo trata de questionar a sustentabilidade do sistema de produção de biodiesel, a partir da soja. Objetiva fazer uma reflexão ilustrativa para investigar se a produção de biodiesel, a partir da cultura da soja, é sustentável (stricto senso). Tendo em conta que o cultivo da cultura utiliza como fatores de produção recursos naturais exauríveis, o trabalho aborda a problemática de forma sistêmica, considerando as dimensões sociais, ambientais e econômicas. O tipo de pesquisa exploratório e utiliza-se de dados secundários para inferir estatisticamente, à luz do referencial teórico sobre desenvolvimento sustentável e considerando a legislação do biodiesel no Brasil, como se dará essa forma de produção de “energia sustentável”. Os resultados encontrados mostram que não há “sustentabilidade plena” em nenhuma das dimensões, Entretanto, considera-se que esta alternativa energética deve ser perseguida, mas implica na necessidade de aprimoramento e balanceamento das ações em cada um dos “pontos de estrangulamentos” e em cada uma das dimensões.----------------------------------------------Many chemical compounds are found in the earth atmosphere acting as “greenhouse gases”. They are important since they prevent the total reflection of sun rays. However, the level of some of those gases, mainly the carbonic acid (CO2), has been increasing at the rate of 25 percent since the large-scale industrialization process which began 150 years ago. Within the last 20 years, CO2 has been corresponding to 84 percent of the gases coming from human activities, and 82 percent is the result of the burning of fossil fuels. Taking into account that the population increase and the arise of new technologies continue to demand energy at an ever-increasing rate, it is peremptory the search for alternative and more sustainable energetic solutions. Within this context, the biodiesel production, which is a fuel coming from the biomass and having the objective of replacing the Diesel oil, is one of the alternatives. This article aims at considering the sustainability of the biodiesel production system through the soybean culture. It aims at developing an illustrative reflection to investigate, from the soybean culture, whether the biodiesel production is sustainable (stricto senso). Considering that the culture cultivation uses as production factors the exhaustible natural resources, this work approaches the problem systematically, taking into account the social, environmental and economic dimensions. The method of research chosen is the exploratory one and it is used secondary data to infer statistically, at the light of theoretical referential, the sustainable development, and, considering the biodiesel laws in Brazil, how that supposed production way of “sustainable energy” will occur. The results show that there wasn’t “full sustainability” in any of the dimensions. However, it’s concluded that this energetic alternative must be pursued, but it implies the need of betterment and balancing of the actions in each one of the bottlenecks and dimensions.

Suggested Citation

  • Santos Junior, Silvio & Dias, Marcelo Fernandes Pacheco & Mendonca, Erica Silva & Rosa, Nadir Paula Da & Silva, Tania Nunes da, 2008. "Análise Da Sustentabilidade Da Produção De Biodiesel No Brasil," 46th Congress, July 20-23, 2008, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil 109812, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:sbrfsr:109812
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.109812
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    Keywords

    Environmental Economics and Policy;

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