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Notificações Técnicas E Fitossanitárias À Omc: Qual O Impacto Nas Exportações Agrícolas Do Brasil?

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  • Bueno, Braulio Martins
  • Silva, Orlando Monteiro da

Abstract

É notória a crescente importância das medidas técnicas, sanitárias e fitossanitárias às exportações brasileiras de produtos agrícolas, tais como: certificação de origem, avaliação de conformidade, normas e procedimentos técnicos, etc. Essas medidas têm sido formalizadas em notificações aos acordos TBT e SPS da OMC, vigentes desde 1995. Cabe ressaltar, no entanto, que essas medidas podem servir como barreiras protecionistas quando passam a limitar as quantidades importadas e/ou aumentam os preços dos produtos comercializados. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de calcular e avaliar os impactos das exigências técnicas e das medidas sanitárias e fitossanitárias, sobre as exportações dos principais produtos agrícolas brasileiros. Para tanto, calculou-se índices de freqüência e de cobertura, testes de diferenças de médias, além de equações de regressão. Os resultados mostraram um crescimento do número e da incidência de notificações, mas não comprovaram sua utilização como barreiras. Apesar da pressuposição de impacto das notificações nos preços e nas quantidades não ter sido comprovada, há de se alertar para as possíveis assimetrias quanto ao poder de mercado, desde que pequenos exportadores poderiam estar sendo prejudicados, em detrimento dos grandes.--------------------------------------------- It is notorious the growing importance of technical, sanitary and phytosanitary measures to the Brazilian exports of agricultural products, such as: origin certification, conformity evaluation, norms and procedures. Those measures have been formalized through notifications to the TBT and SPS agreements of OMC, effective since 1995. It is important to say, however, that those measures can serve as protectionist barriers when they limit the amounts imported or when they increase prices of the marketed products. The objective of the present study was to calculate and evaluate the impacts of technical, sanitary and phytosanitary measures on the brazilian exports of the major agricultural products. To do so, it were calculated frequency and coverage indexes, made tests of differences of averages, and estimated regression equations. The results showed an increase in the number and incidence of notifications, but could not prove that they were used as barriers to trade. Although the assumption that notifications would impact prices and quantities could no be proved, it must call the attention to possible asymmetries related to market power, since small exporters could be harmed, in detriment of the big ones.

Suggested Citation

  • Bueno, Braulio Martins & Silva, Orlando Monteiro da, 2008. "Notificações Técnicas E Fitossanitárias À Omc: Qual O Impacto Nas Exportações Agrícolas Do Brasil?," 46th Congress, July 20-23, 2008, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil 109723, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:sbrfsr:109723
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.109723
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    Keywords

    International Relations/Trade;

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