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Unobserved Firm Heterogeneity and the Size - Exports Nexus: Evidence from German Panel Data

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Author Info
Wagner, Joachim

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Abstract

This paper starts from the stylized fact that firm size and exporting tends to be positively related. Using large sets of establishment panel data for three different industries from official statistics evidence is presented that the familiar picture of an export/sales ratio that ceteris paribus increases (at a decreasing rate) with firm size vanishes if unobserved firm heterogeneity is controlled for in a fixed effects fractional logit regression model. This finding is well in line with the fact that many small firms are "hidden export champions". Das Papier geht von dem stilisierten Faktum aus, dass Unternehmensgröße und Exportorientierung positiv miteinander zusammenhängen. Auf der Grundlage eines umfangreichen Betriebsdatensatzes der amtlichen Statistik für drei Zweige des Verarbeitenden Gewerbes wird dieser Zusammenhang in einem fraktionalen logit Regressionsmodell mit fixed effects näher untersucht. Dabei verschwindet das gewohnte Bild einer degressiv mit der Betriebsgröße steigenden Exportquote, wenn die unbeobachtete Heterogenität der Betriebe kontrolliert wird. Dies Ergebnis stimmt gut mit der Tatsache überein, dass viele kleinere Firmen als "hidden export champions" anzusehen sind.

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Paper provided by Hamburg Institute of International Economics in its series Discussion Paper Series with number 26250.

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Date of creation: 2002
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Handle: RePEc:ags:hiiedp:26250

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Related research
Keywords: Exports; firm size; establishment panel data; fractional logit regression; International Relations/Trade; F10; D21; L60;

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Wagner, Joachim, 1995. " Exports, Firm Size, and Firm Dynamics," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 29-39, February.
  2. Wagner, Joachim, 2001. " A Note on the Firm Size-Export Relationship," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 229-37, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Hirsch, Seev & Adar, Zvi, 1974. "Firm size and export performance," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(7), pages 41-46, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Joseph Hilbe, 1993. "Generalized linear models," Stata Technical Bulletin, StataCorp LP, vol. 2(11). [Downloadable!]
  5. Alan S. Blinder, 1990. "Learning by Asking Those Who Are Doing," Eastern Economic Journal, Eastern Economic Association, vol. 16(4), pages 297-306, Oct-Dec. [Downloadable!]
  6. Papke, Leslie E & Wooldridge, Jeffrey M, 1996. "Econometric Methods for Fractional Response Variables with an Application to 401(K) Plan Participation Rates," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 11(6), pages 619-32, Nov.-Dec.. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Alexander Vogel & Joachim Wagner, 2009. "Exports and Profitability – First Evidence for German Business Services Enterprises," Working Paper Series in Economics 129, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  2. Helmut Fryges & Joachim Wagner, 2008. "Exports and Profitability - First Evidence for German Manufacturing Firms," Working Paper Series in Economics 102, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  3. Alexander Eickelpasch & Alexander Vogel, 2009. "Determinants of Export Behaviour of German Business Services Companies," Working Paper Series in Economics 123, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Helmut Fryges & Joachim Wagner, 2007. "Exports and Productivity Growth - First Evidence from a Continuous Treatment Approach," Jena Economic Research Papers in Economics 2007-063, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Max-Planck-Institute of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  5. Fryges, Helmut, 2006. "The Export-Growth Relationship: Estimating a Dose-Response Function," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-28, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  6. Ulrich Kaiser & Hans Christian Kongsted, 2004. "True versus spurious state dependence in firm performance: the case of West German exports," CAM Working Papers 2004-04, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. Centre for Applied Microeconometrics. [Downloadable!]
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  7. Joachim Wagner, 2006. "Politikrelevante Folgerungen aus Analysen mit wirtschaftsstatistischen Einzeldaten der Amtlichen Statistik," Working Paper Series in Economics 16, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  8. Jungnickel, Rolf & Keller, Dietmar, 2003. "German FDI and Integration of Production in the EU," Discussion Paper Series 26376, Hamburg Institute of International Economics. [Downloadable!]
  9. Durham, Catherine A., 2007. "The Impact of Environmental and Health Motivations on the Organic Share of Produce Purchases," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association, vol. 36(2), October. [Downloadable!]
  10. Andreas M. Fischer & Matthias Lutz & Manueal Wälti, 2007. "Who Prices Locally? Survey Evidence of Swiss Exporters," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2007 2007-39, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
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  11. Fryges, Helmut, 2006. "Hidden champions - how young and small technology-oriented firms can attain high export-sales ratios," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-45, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  12. Grabiella Berloffa & Maria Luigia Segnana, 2004. "Trade, inequality and pro-poor growth: Two perspectives, one message?," Department of Economics Working Papers 0408, Department of Economics, University of Trento, Italia. [Downloadable!]
  13. Joachim Wagner, 2008. "Exports and Firm Characteristics – First Evidence from Fractional Probit Panel Estimates," Working Paper Series in Economics 97, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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