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Der Einfluss begrenzter Rationalität auf die Verbreitung von Wetterindexversicherungen – Ergebnisse eines internetbasierten Experiments mit Landwirten

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  • Mußhoff, Oliver
  • Hirschauer, Norbert
  • Grüner, Sven
  • Pielsticker, Stefan

Abstract

Wetterindexversicherungen stellen innovative Risikomanagementinstrumente dar und weisen gegenüber herkömmlichen Versicherungen den Vorteil geringer Administrations- und Regulierungskosten auf. Darüber hinaus entstehen keine Moral-Hazard- und Adverse-Selection-Probleme. In der Landwirtschaft werden Wetterindexversicherungen bisher jedoch kaum eingesetzt. Vor diesem Hintergrund geht es im Rahmen dieses Beitrages um die Frage, ob begrenzte Rationalität ein Erklärungsansatz für die fehlende Adoptionsbereitschaft sein kann. Die Durchführung eines „Extra-Laboratory Experiments“ in Form eines mehrperiodischen Einpersonen-Unternehmensplanspiels mit Landwirten brachte Aufschluss über drei zentrale Fragestellungen: Erstens, im Experiment konnte eine Verringerung der Nachfrage nach Wetterindexversicherungen mit steigendem Aufpreis festgestellt werden. Zweitens, die explizite Kommunikation des Aufpreisanteils an der gesamten Versicherungsprämie hatte einen signifikant negativen Einfluss auf die Zahl der nachgefragten Wetterindexversicherungen. Landwirte verzichten möglicherweise auf eine Transaktion, wenn sie das Gefühl haben, dass Versicherungsanbieter dabei (zu viel) Geld verdienen, auch wenn das für sie von Nachteil ist. Dies kann man mit „Inequity Aversion“ in Verbindung setzen. Drittens, stieg mit einer Subventionierung von Wetterindexversicherungen (bei gleichbleibenden Kosten für den Landwirt) die Nachfrage. Dies ist ein Indiz dafür, dass eine staatliche Förderung als Gütesignal wahrgenommen wird und subventionierte Handlungen auch ohne Analyse ihrer relativen ökonomischen Vorzüglichkeit bevorzugt werden. Weather index-based insurance is an innovative risk management instrument that, as compared with conventional insurance, causes low administration and regulation costs. Moreover, index-based insurance is neither riddled by moral hazard nor adverse selection problems. Few farmers, however, use weather index-based insurance at present. With this in mind, we focus on the question whether farmers’ missing willingness to adopt this innovation may be caused by bounded rationality. Our study, which is based on an extra-laboratory experiment in the form of a multi- period, single-person business simulation game with farmers, provided three central results: First, an increase of the costs (loading) of the insurance reduced farmers’ demand for weather index insurance. Second, explicitly informing farmers about the loading (as a percentage of the total premium) reduced demand as well. This may be associated with 'inequity aversion' and taken as an indication that farmers refrain even from a beneficial transaction if they have the feeling that the business partner (here: the insurance provider) earns (too much) money with it. Third, keeping the costs of the insurance constant but communicating to farmers that it had been subsidized increased their demand. This indicates that farmers take subsidies as signaling profitable ways of action without carrying out farm-level analyses of their relative economic competitiveness.

Suggested Citation

  • Mußhoff, Oliver & Hirschauer, Norbert & Grüner, Sven & Pielsticker, Stefan, 2014. "Der Einfluss begrenzter Rationalität auf die Verbreitung von Wetterindexversicherungen – Ergebnisse eines internetbasierten Experiments mit Landwirten," Department of Agricultural and Rural Development (DARE) Discussion Papers 260818, Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development (DARE).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:gadadp:260818
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.260818
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    Cited by:

    1. Nordmeyer, Eike Florenz & Danne, Michael & Mußhoff, Oliver, 2022. "Farmers' Preferences for Satellite-based and Precipitation-based Index Insurance: Insights from Germany," 62nd Annual Conference, Stuttgart, Germany, September 7-9, 2022 329606, German Association of Agricultural Economists (GEWISOLA).
    2. Nordmeyer, Eike Florenz & Danne, Michael & Musshoff, Oliver, 2023. "Can satellite-retrieved data increase farmers' willingness to insure against drought? – Insights from Germany," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).

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