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Energy Price Transmission and Retail Milk Prices

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  • Li, Xun
  • Lopez, Rigoberto A.

Abstract

This paper estimates the pass-through between diesel fuel and retail milk prices at the product brand level, based on a random coefficient logit demand model along with a market channel marginal cost function in order to estimate energy price pass-through rates to the consumer. It takes into account the partial and net impact of energy prices through the multi-market effects on other inputs. It also exploits a natural experiment of energy hyperinflation and the great recession in 2008. Empirical results show that energy prices (e.g., diesel price) significantly impact the retail prices of milk products and are, therefore, an important determinant of food price inflation. Pass-through rates are estimated to be in the range from 0.15 to approximately 0.50 before March 2008 and from 0.09 to 0.19 after March 2009, with an average of 0.26. This indicates that a $1.00 per gallon increase in diesel prices would on average result in a 26¢ per gallon increase in the retail price of milk. Statistical test indicates pass-through rates before March 2008 are significantly higher than that after March 2008. Interestingly, private label brands have the lowest energy (diesel) pass-through rates, implying that compared to manufacturer brands, private label prices are more insulated from energy price shocks.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Xun & Lopez, Rigoberto A., 2015. "Energy Price Transmission and Retail Milk Prices," 2015 AAEA & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, July 26-28, San Francisco, California 205318, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:aaea15:205318
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.205318
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
    • L66 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco
    • Q13 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness
    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices

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