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William Robert Emmons

Citations

Many of the citations below have been collected in an experimental project, CitEc, where a more detailed citation analysis can be found. These are citations from works listed in RePEc that could be analyzed mechanically. So far, only a minority of all works could be analyzed. See under "Corrections" how you can help improve the citation analysis.

Working papers

  1. William R. Emmons, 2005. "Consumer-finance myths and other obstacles to financial literacy," Supervisory Policy Analysis Working Papers 2005-03, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. Berg, Nathan & Kim, Jeong-Yoo, 2010. "Demand for Self Control: A model of Consumer Response to Programs and Products that Moderate Consumption," MPRA Paper 26593, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Łukasz Gębski, 2013. "Nadmierne zadłużenie gospodarstw domowych – problem finansowo-prawny czy społeczny?," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 4, pages 83-108.
    3. Adriana ZAIT & Patricea Elena BERTEA, 2014. "Financial Literacy – Conceptual Definition and Proposed Approach for a Measurement Instrument," The Journal of Accounting and Management, Danubius University of Galati, issue 3, pages 37-42, December.
    4. Bernadette Kamleitner & Bianca Hornung & Erich Kirchler, 2010. "Over-indebtedness and the interplay of factual and mental money management: An interview study," Working Papers 34, Queen Mary, University of London, School of Business and Management, Centre for Globalisation Research.

  2. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2004. "Monetary policy actions and the incentive to invest," Supervisory Policy Analysis Working Papers 2004-03, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. Thuy T. Dang & Anh D. Pham & Diem N. Tran, 2020. "Impact of Monetary Policy on Private Investment: Evidence from Vietnam’s Provincial Data," Economies, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-15, September.
    2. Chen, Li-Hsueh & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Yuan, Yuan, 2011. "Asymmetric convergence in US financial credit default swap sector index markets," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(4), pages 408-418.
    3. Lahiani, Amine & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Gupta, Rangan, 2016. "Linkages between financial sector CDS spreads and macroeconomic influence in a nonlinear setting," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 443-456.
    4. Hammoudeh, S.M. & Liu, T. & Chang, C-L. & McAleer, M.J., 2011. "Risk Spillovers in Oil-Related CDS, Stock and Credit Markets," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI 2011-15, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    5. Manfred Fruhwirth & Paul Schneider & Markus S. Schwaiger, 2007. "Timing Decisions in a Multinational Context: Implementing the Amin/Bodurtha Framework," Multinational Finance Journal, Multinational Finance Journal, vol. 11(3-4), pages 157-178, September.
    6. Fairchild, Richard, 2011. "An entrepreneur's choice of venture capitalist or angel-financing: A behavioral game-theoretic approach," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 359-374, May.

  3. William R. Emmons & Gregory E. Sierra, 2004. "Executive compensation at Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac," Supervisory Policy Analysis Working Papers 2004-06, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. William Poole, 2007. "The GSEs: where do we stand?," Speech 109, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

  4. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2004. "When for-profits and not-for-profits compete: theory and empirical evidence from retail banking," Supervisory Policy Analysis Working Papers 2004-01, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. Jolly, Robert W. & Koppenhaver, Gary D. & Roe, Joshua D., 2004. "Growth of Large-Scale Credit Unions in Iowa: Implications for Public Policy," Working Papers 18209, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    2. Jolly, Robert W. & Koppenhaver, Gary D. & Roe, Joshua D., 2004. "Growth of Large-Scale Credit Unions in Iowa: Implications for Public Policy," Staff General Research Papers Archive 12216, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.

  5. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2002. "Banks vs. credit unions: dynamic competition in local markets," Supervisory Policy Analysis Working Papers 2002-10, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. Kondo, Kazumine, 2014. "Do Credit Associations Compete with Each Other in Japanese Regional Lending Markets?," MPRA Paper 56669, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Daniel Ortega & Francisco Rodríguez, 2005. "Trade Policy and Factor Prices: An Empirical Strategy," Wesleyan Economics Working Papers 2005-004, Wesleyan University, Department of Economics.
    3. Kondo, Kazumine, 2012. "Do Credit Associations Put Competitive Pressure on Regional Banks in Japanese Regional Lending Markets?," MPRA Paper 38769, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Naaman, Christine & Magnan, Michel & Hammami, Ahmad & Yao, Li, 2021. "Credit unions vs. commercial banks, who takes more risk?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    5. Kazumine Kondo, 2017. "Do credit associations compete with each other in Japanese regional lending markets?," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 41(1), pages 195-210, January.
    6. Liliana Stern & Steve Swidler & Christoph Hinkelmann, 2009. "Deposit rate sensitivity of credit union shares," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 33(3), pages 259-272, July.
    7. Bauer, Keldon, 2008. "Detecting abnormal credit union performance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 573-586, April.

  6. William R. Emmons & R. Alton Gilbert & Timothy J. Yeager, 2002. "Scale economies and geographic diversification as forces driving community bank mergers," Supervisory Policy Analysis Working Papers 2002-02, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. Victor Aguirregabiria & Robert Clark & Hui Wang, 2012. "Diversification of Geographic Risk in Retail Bank Networks: Evidence from Bank Expansion after the Riegle-Neal Act," Working Papers tecipa-465, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.

  7. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2001. "Corporate governance, entrenched labor, and economic growth," Working Papers 2001-023, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. Christoph Walkner, 2004. "Issues in corporate governance," European Economy - Economic Papers 2008 - 2015 200, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.

  8. Sujit Chakravorti & William R. Emmons, 2001. "Who pays for credit cards?," Occasional Paper; Emerging Payments EPS-2001-1, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.

    Cited by:

    1. Rochet, Jean-Charles & Wright, Julian, 2010. "Credit card interchange fees," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(8), pages 1788-1797, August.
    2. Sujit Chakravorti & Ted To, 1999. "Toward a theory of merchant credit card acceptance," Working Paper Series WP-99-16, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    3. Lang, William W. & Mester, Loretta J. & Vermilyea, Todd A., 2008. "Competitive effects of Basel II on US bank credit card lending," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 17(4), pages 478-508, October.
    4. Robert M. Hunt, 2003. "Antitrust issues in payment card networks: can they do that? should we let them?," Business Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, issue Q2, pages 14-23.
    5. Sumit Agarwal & Sujit Chakravorti & Anna Lunn, 2010. "Why do banks reward their customers to use their credit cards?," Working Paper Series WP-2010-19, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    6. Julian Wright, 2004. "The Determinants of Optimal Interchange Fees in Payment Systems," Journal of Industrial Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(1), pages 1-26, March.
    7. Chakravorti Sujit, 2003. "Theory of Credit Card Networks: A Survey of the Literature," Review of Network Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 2(2), pages 1-19, June.
    8. Robert M. Hunt, 2003. "An introduction to the economics of payment card networks," Working Papers 03-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    9. Wilko Bolt & Sujit Chakravorti, 2008. "Economics of payment cards: a status report," Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, vol. 32(Q IV), pages 15-27.
    10. Economides, Nicholas & Henriques, David, 2011. "To surcharge or not to surcharge? A two-sided market perspective of the no-surchage rule," Working Paper Series 1388, European Central Bank.
    11. Chakravorti, Sujit & To, Ted, 2007. "A theory of credit cards," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 25(3), pages 583-595, June.
    12. Henriques, David, 2018. "Cards on the table: efficiency and welfare effects of the no-surcharge rule," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 90664, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    13. Simangaliso Biza-Khupe, 2011. "The significance of demographic factors on key-indicator variables of consumer credit decisions," Far East Journal of Psychology and Business, Far East Research Centre, vol. 3(2), pages 15-25, May.
    14. Fumiko Hayashi, 2009. "Do U.S. consumers really benefit from payment card rewards?," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, vol. 94(Q I), pages 37-63.
    15. Paul Heidhues & Botond Koszegi, 2010. "Exploiting Naivete about Self-Control in the Credit Market," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 100(5), pages 2279-2303, December.
    16. Marcos Valli Jorge & Wilfredo Leiva Maldonado, 2013. "Diferenciação de Preços e Custos de Menu nos Pagamentos com Cartão de Crédito," Working Papers Series 315, Central Bank of Brazil, Research Department.
    17. James Angel & Douglas McCabe, 2015. "The Ethics of Payments: Paper, Plastic, or Bitcoin?," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 132(3), pages 603-611, December.
    18. Chakravorti Sujit & Roson Roberto, 2006. "Platform Competition in Two-Sided Markets: The Case of Payment Networks," Review of Network Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 5(1), pages 1-25, March.
    19. David S. Evans & Richard Schmalensee, 2005. "The economics of interchange fees and their regulation : an overview," Proceedings – Payments System Research Conferences, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, issue May, pages 73-120.
    20. William W. Lang & Loretta J. Mester & Todd A. Vermilyea, 2005. "Potential competitive effects on U.S. bank credit card lending from the proposed bifurcated application of Basel II," Working Papers 05-29, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    21. Tara N. Rice, 2003. "The importance of payments-driven revenues to franchise value and in estimating bank performance," Emerging Issues, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    22. Assaf Eilat, 2007. "Optimal Payment Cards Fees," Discussion Papers 06-019, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research.
    23. Alexandrova-Kabadjova, Biliana & Negrín, José Luis, 2009. "What drives the network’s growth? An agent-based study of the payment card market," Working Paper Series 1143, European Central Bank.
    24. Wilko Bolt & Sujit Chakravorti, 2008. "Consumer choice and merchant acceptance of payment media," Working Paper Series WP-08-11, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    25. Rochet Jean-Charles, 2003. "The Theory of Interchange Fees: A Synthesis of Recent Contributions," Review of Network Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 2(2), pages 1-28, June.

  9. William R. Emmons & R. Alton Gilbert & Timothy J. Yeager, 2001. "The importance of scale economies and geographic diversification in community bank mergers," Working Papers 2001-024, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. Berger, Allen N. & DeYoung, Robert, 2006. "Technological Progress and the Geographic Expansion of the Banking Industry," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 38(6), pages 1483-1513, September.
    2. Manuel Illueca & José Pastor & Emili Tortosa-Ausina, 2009. "The effects of geographic expansion on the productivity of Spanish savings banks," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 32(2), pages 119-143, October.
    3. Timothy J. Yeager, 2002. "The demise of community banks? local economic shocks aren't to blame," Supervisory Policy Analysis Working Papers 2002-03, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    4. Timothy J. Yeager, 2002. "Community bank performance in the presence of county economic shocks," Supervisory Policy Analysis Working Papers 2002-11, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

  10. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2000. "Pricing and dividend policies in open credit cooperatives," Working Papers 2000-008, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. Derek C. Jones & Panu Kalmi, 2013. "Cooperative enterprise," Chapters, in: Luigino Bruni & Stefano Zamagni (ed.), Handbook on the Economics of Reciprocity and Social Enterprise, chapter 8, pages 85-93, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Lepetit, L. & Meslier, C. & Strobel, F. & Wardhana, L., 2018. "Bank dividends, agency costs and shareholder and creditor rights," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 93-111.
    3. Lewis Evans & Graeme Guthrie, 2006. "A Dynamic Theory of Cooperatives: The Link between Efficiency and Valuation," Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE), Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 162(2), pages 364-383, June.
    4. Adalgiso Amendola & Cristian Barra & Marinella Boccia & Anna Papaccio, 2021. "Market Structure and Financial Stability: the Interaction between Profit-Oriented and Mutual Cooperative Banks in Italy," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 60(2), pages 235-259, December.
    5. Evans, Lewis & Meade, Richard, 2005. "The Role and Significance of Cooperatives in New Zealand Agriculture, A Comparative Institutional Analysis," Working Paper Series 18942, Victoria University of Wellington, The New Zealand Institute for the Study of Competition and Regulation.
    6. McKillop, Donal & French, Declan & Quinn, Barry & Sobiech, Anna L. & Wilson, John O.S., 2020. "Cooperative financial institutions: A review of the literature," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    7. Ivana Catturani & Ragupathy Venkatachalam, 2014. "Optimal Interest Rates in Cooperative Banks with Non-member Customers," Journal of Entrepreneurial and Organizational Diversity, European Research Institute on Cooperative and Social Enterprises, vol. 3(1), pages 181-199, June.

  11. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 1999. "Corporate governance and corporate performance," Working Papers 1999-018, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. Lim, Guan Ta, 2019. "Corporate Governance Index And Its Determinants In Samsung Company," MPRA Paper 93759, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Yener Altunbaş & Alper Kara & Adrian van Rixtel, 2007. "Corporate governance and corporate ownership: The investment behaviour of Japanese institutional investors," Occasional Papers 0703, Banco de España.
    3. Samad, Fazilah Abdul, 2002. "Ownership Structure in the Malaysian Corporation Sector: Its Impact on Corporate Governance, Performance, Financing and Investment Patterns," Centre on Regulation and Competition (CRC) Working papers 30592, University of Manchester, Institute for Development Policy and Management (IDPM).

  12. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 1998. "Universal banking, allocation of control rights, and corporate finance in Germany," Working Papers 1998-001, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. Goergen, Marc & Manjon, Miguel C. & Renneboog, Luc, 2008. "Recent developments in German corporate governance," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 175-193, September.
    2. Elsas, Ralf & Krahnen, Jan Pieter, 2003. "Universal Banks and Relationships with Firms," CFS Working Paper Series 2003/20, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
    3. Marco Becht & Ekkehart Boehmer, 2003. "Voting control in German corporations," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/13312, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    4. Edwards, Jeremy S.S. & Weichenrieder, Alfons J., 2009. "Control rights, pyramids, and the measurement of ownership concentration," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 72(1), pages 489-508, October.
    5. Marc Goergen & Miguel Manjon & Luc Renneboog, 2008. "Is the German system of corporate governance converging towards the Anglo-American model?," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 12(1), pages 37-71, March.
    6. Gorton, Gary & Schmid, Frank A., 2000. "Universal banking and the performance of German firms," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(1-2), pages 29-80.
    7. Ann†Kristin Achleitner & André Betzer & Marc Goergen & Bastian Hinterramskogler, 2013. "Private Equity Acquisitions of Continental European Firms: the Impact of Ownership and Control on the Likelihood of Being Taken Private," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 19(1), pages 72-107, January.
    8. Andreani, Ettore, 2003. "Corporate Control and the Financial System in Germany: Recent Changes in the Role of Banks," Thuenen-Series of Applied Economic Theory 37, University of Rostock, Institute of Economics.

  13. Emmons, William R. & Schmid, Frank A., 1998. "Credit unions and the common bond," CFS Working Paper Series 1999/01, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).

    Cited by:

    1. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2001. "Membership structure, competition, and occupational credit union deposit rates," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 83(Jan), pages 41-50.
    2. Emir Malikov & Diego A. Restrepo-Tobón & Subal C. Kumbhakar, 2018. "Heterogeneous credit union production technologies with endogenous switching and correlated effects," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(10), pages 1095-1119, November.
    3. Derek C. Jones & Panu Kalmi, 2012. "Economies of Scale Versus Participation: a Co-operative Dilemma?," Journal of Entrepreneurial and Organizational Diversity, European Research Institute on Cooperative and Social Enterprises, vol. 1(1), pages 37-64, December.
    4. M. Shahid Ebrahim, 2008. "Can an Islamic Model of Housing Finance Cooperative Elevate the Economic Status of the Underprivileged?," Papers on Economics of Religion 08/04, Department of Economic Theory and Economic History of the University of Granada..
    5. R. Raymond Sant & Stephen B. Carter, 2015. "Acquired Credit Unions: Drivers of Takeover," International Journal of Business and Social Research, MIR Center for Socio-Economic Research, vol. 5(8), pages 18-33, August.
    6. Derek C. Jones & Panu Kalmi, 2013. "Cooperative enterprise," Chapters, in: Luigino Bruni & Stefano Zamagni (ed.), Handbook on the Economics of Reciprocity and Social Enterprise, chapter 8, pages 85-93, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    7. Cullen F. Goenner, 2018. "The market for private student loans: an analysis of credit union exposure, risk, and returns," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 50(4), pages 1227-1251, May.
    8. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2000. "Pricing and dividend policies in open credit cooperatives," Working Papers 2000-008, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    9. Wheelock, David C. & Wilson, Paul W., 2013. "The evolution of cost-productivity and efficiency among US credit unions," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 75-88.
    10. Tschöpel, Michael, 2012. "Die Wirkungskanäle der genossenschaftlichen Eigentümermerkmale: Implikationen für das mitgliederorientierte Management in Genossenschaftsbanken," Arbeitspapiere 127, University of Münster, Institute for Cooperatives.
    11. Gregory McKee & Albert Kagan, 2016. "Determinants of recent structural change for small asset U.S. credit unions," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 47(3), pages 775-795, October.
    12. David C. Wheelock & Paul W. Wilson, 2009. "Robust, dynamic nonparametric benchmarking: the evolution of cost-productivity and efficiency among U.S. credit unions," Working Papers 2009-008, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    13. Christian Ewerhart & Robertas Zubrickas, 2019. "Social preference and group identity in the financial cooperative," ECON - Working Papers 332, Department of Economics - University of Zurich.
    14. Hessou, Helyoth & Lai, Van Son, 2018. "Basel III capital buffers and Canadian credit unions lending: Impact of the credit cycle and the business cycle," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 23-39.
    15. Helyoth Hessou & Van Son Lai, 2017. "Basel III Capital Buffers and Canadian Credit Unions Lending: Impact of The Credit Cycle and The Business Cycle," Working Papers 2017-009, Department of Research, Ipag Business School.
    16. Joselito Gallardo & Michael Goldberg & Bikki Randhawa, 2006. "Strategic Alliances to Scale Up Financial Services in Rural Areas," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 6960, December.
    17. Silvio Goglio & Yiorgos Alexopoulos, 2009. "Financial Deregulation and Economic Distress: Is There a Future for Financial Co-operatives?," Euricse Working Papers 09001, Euricse (European Research Institute on Cooperative and Social Enterprises).
    18. Alexopoulos, Yiorgos & Goglio, Silvio, 2011. "Financial Cooperatives: Problems and Challenges in the Post-Crisis Era," Journal of Rural Cooperation, Hebrew University, Center for Agricultural Economic Research, vol. 39(1), pages 1-14.
    19. Silvio Goglio & Yiorgos Alexopoulos, 2014. "Editorial: Cooperative Banks at a Turning Point?," Journal of Entrepreneurial and Organizational Diversity, European Research Institute on Cooperative and Social Enterprises, vol. 3(1), pages 1-8, June.
    20. Goddard, John A. & McKillop, Donal G. & Wilson, John O. S., 2002. "The growth of US credit unions," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 26(12), pages 2327-2356.
    21. McKillop, Donal & French, Declan & Quinn, Barry & Sobiech, Anna L. & Wilson, John O.S., 2020. "Cooperative financial institutions: A review of the literature," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    22. R. Raymond Sant & Stephen B. Carter, 2015. "Acquired Credit Unions: Drivers of Takeover," International Journal of Business and Social Research, LAR Center Press, vol. 5(8), pages 18-33, August.
    23. Timothy H. Hannan, 2003. "The impact of credit unions on the rates offered for retail deposits by banks and thrift institutions," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2003-06, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).

  14. William R. Emmons & Willi Mueller, 1997. "Conflict of interest between borrowers and lenders in credit co- operatives: the case of German co-operative banks," Working Papers 1997-009, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2001. "Membership structure, competition, and occupational credit union deposit rates," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 83(Jan), pages 41-50.
    2. Oliver Hart & John Moore, 1998. "Cooperatives vs. Outside Ownership," Edinburgh School of Economics Discussion Paper Series 114, Edinburgh School of Economics, University of Edinburgh.
    3. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 1999. "Wages and risk-taking in occupational credit unions: theory and evidence," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Mar, pages 13-32.
    4. M. Shahid Ebrahim, 2008. "Can an Islamic Model of Housing Finance Cooperative Elevate the Economic Status of the Underprivileged?," Papers on Economics of Religion 08/04, Department of Economic Theory and Economic History of the University of Granada..
    5. McKillop, D. G. & Glass, J. C. & Ferguson, C., 2002. "Investigating the cost performance of UK credit unions using radial and non-radial efficiency measures," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 26(8), pages 1563-1591, August.
    6. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2000. "Pricing and dividend policies in open credit cooperatives," Working Papers 2000-008, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    7. Rafik Abdesselam & Sylvie Cieply & Nicolas Le Pape, 2002. "Les facteurs de différentiation des banquiers mutualistes et commerciaux en matière de financement des PME," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 67(3), pages 121-131.
    8. Rey, Patrick & Tirole, Jean, 2001. "Alignement of Interests and the Governance of Joint Ventures," IDEI Working Papers 441, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse.
    9. Gaisina, Sholpan, 2011. "Credit through Rural Credit Partnerships for Agricultural Producers in Kazakhstan," Journal of Rural Cooperation, Hebrew University, Center for Agricultural Economic Research, vol. 39(2), pages 1-17.
    10. B. Frank King & Aruna Srinivasan, 1998. "Credit union issues," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, vol. 83(Q 3), pages 32-41.
    11. Murizah Osman Salleh & Aziz Jaafar & M. Shahid Ebrahim, 2012. "Can an interest-free credit facility be more efficient than a usurious payday loan?," Working Papers 12008, Bangor Business School, Prifysgol Bangor University (Cymru / Wales).
    12. Gashaw Tadesse Abate & Carlo Borzaga & Kindie Getnet, 2013. "Financial sustainability and outreach of microfinance institutions in Ethiopia: does organizational form matter?," Euricse Working Papers 1356, Euricse (European Research Institute on Cooperative and Social Enterprises).
    13. Kevin Davis, 2001. "Credit Union Governance and Survival of the Cooperative Form," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 19(2), pages 197-210, April.

  15. William R. Emmons, 1995. "Interbank netting agreement and the distribution of bank default risk," Working Papers 1995-016, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

    Cited by:

    1. James J. McAndrews & William Roberds, 1997. "A general equilibrium analysis of check float," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 97-4, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    2. Charles M. Kahn & James J. McAndrews & William Roberds, 1999. "Settlement risk under gross and net settlement," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 99-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    3. Degryse, H.A. & Nguyen, G., 2004. "Interbank Exposures : An Empirical Examination of Systemic Risk in the Belgian Banking System," Other publications TiSEM 24d7f8a9-0f7c-411a-843c-c, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    4. Edoardo Gaffeo & Lucio Gobbi & Massimo Molinari, 2019. "The economics of netting in financial networks," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 14(3), pages 595-622, September.
    5. Bliss, Robert R. & Kaufman, George G., 2006. "Derivatives and systemic risk: Netting, collateral, and closeout," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 2(1), pages 55-70, April.
    6. James J. McAndrews, 1997. "Banking and payment system stability in an electronic money world," Working Papers 97-9, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    7. Grégory Nguyen, 2003. "The Belgian Interbank Market: Interbank Linkages and Systemic Risk," Financial Stability Review, National Bank of Belgium, vol. 1(1), pages 105-123, June.
    8. Robert R. Bliss & George G. Kaufman, 2005. "Derivatives and systemic risk: netting, collateral, and closeout," Working Paper Series WP-05-03, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    9. William J. Bergman & Robert R. Bliss & Christian A. Johnson & George G. Kaufman, 2004. "Netting, financial contracts, and banks: the economic implications," Working Paper Series WP-04-02, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    10. JAMES J. McANDREWS, 1999. "E‐Money And Payment System Risks," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 17(3), pages 348-357, July.

  16. William R. Emmons, 1993. "Increased risk-taking versus local economic conditions as causes of bank failures," Proceedings 408, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.

    Cited by:

    1. Sherrill Shaffer, 1997. "Network diseconomies and optimal structure," Working Papers 97-19, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    2. Marianne Gizycki, 2001. "The Effect of Macroeconomic Conditions on Banks’ Risk and Profitability," RBA Research Discussion Papers rdp2001-06, Reserve Bank of Australia.
    3. Jacqueline Khorassani, 2000. "An empirical study of depositor sensitivity to bank risk," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 24(1), pages 15-27, March.
    4. Sherrill Shaffer, 1997. "The winner's curse in banking," Working Papers 97-25, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    5. Sangkyun Park, 1994. "Explanations for the increased riskiness of banks in the 1980s," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Jul, pages 3-24.

Articles

  1. William R. Emmons & Jacob Haas & Christopher J. Neely, 2020. "Responses of International Central Banks to the COVID-19 Crisis," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 102(4), pages 338-384, October.

    Cited by:

    1. Fabian Schär, 2021. "Decentralized Finance: On Blockchain- and Smart Contract-Based Financial Markets," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 103(2), pages 153-174, April.
    2. Evan Karson & Christopher J. Neely, 2020. "More Stories of Unconventional Monetary Policy," Working Papers 2020-043, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    3. Yuriy Kitsul & Oleg Sokolinskiy & Jonathan H. Wright, 2022. "Market Effects of Central Bank Credit Markets Support Programs in Europe," International Finance Discussion Papers 1357, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    4. Abudy, Menachem (Meni) & Shust, Efrat, 2023. "Does market design contribute to market stability? Indications from a corporate bond exchange during the COVID-19 crisis," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    5. Pompeo Della Posta & Enrico Marelli & Marcello Signorelli, 2022. "COVID-19, Economic Policies and Public Debt Sustainability in Italy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-20, April.
    6. Richard H. Clarida & Burcu Duygan-Bump & Chiara Scotti, 2021. "The COVID-19 Crisis and the Federal Reserve's Policy Response," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2021-035, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    7. Maria E. Canon & Limor Golan & Cody A. Smith, 2021. "Understanding the Gender Earnings Gap: Hours Worked, Occupational Sorting, and Labor Market Experience," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 103(2), pages 175-205, April.
    8. Violeta A. Gutkowski, 2021. "Lockdown Responses to COVID-19," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 103(2), pages 127-151, April.

  2. William R. Emmons & Ana Hernández Kent & Lowell R. Ricketts, 2019. "Is College Still Worth It? The New Calculus of Falling Returns," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 101(4), pages 297-329.

    Cited by:

    1. Kam C. Chan & Samuel Chang & Jean C. Snavely, 2022. "Effects of financial literacy on graduate school attitudes amidst COVID‐19," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(6), pages 2003-2015, September.
    2. Alexa Balmuth & Julie Miller & Samantha Brady & Lisa D’Ambrosio & Joseph Coughlin, 2021. "Mothers, Fathers, and Student Loans: Contributing Factors of Familial Conflict Among Parents Repaying Student Loan Debt for Children," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 42(2), pages 335-350, June.
    3. Argan, Damiano & Gary-Bobo, Robert & Goussé, Marion, 2023. "Is there a devaluation of degrees ? Unobserved heterogeneity in returns to education and early experience," CEPREMAP Working Papers (Docweb) 2204, CEPREMAP.
    4. Sara Goldrick‐Rab & Marshall Steinbaum, 2020. "What Is The Problem With Student Debt?," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(2), pages 534-540, March.

  3. William R. Emmons & Lowell R. Ricketts, 2017. "Household Wealth is at a Post-WWII High: Should We Celebrate or Worry?," In the Balance, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 17, pages 1-3.

    Cited by:

    1. Matteo Benetton & Giovanni Compiani, 2020. "Investors’ Beliefs and Asset Prices: A Structural Model of Cryptocurrency Demand," Working Papers 2020-107, Becker Friedman Institute for Research In Economics.

  4. William R. Emmons & Lowell R. Ricketts, 2017. "College Is Not Enough: Higher Education Does Not Eliminate Racial and Ethnic Wealth Gaps," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 99(1).

    Cited by:

    1. Eric Rodriguez, 2017. "Addressing the Wealth Gap for Hispanic Families," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 99(1), pages 53-58.
    2. Wang, Haining & Cheng, Zhiming & Smyth, Russell & Sun, Gong & Li, Jie & Wang, Wangshuai, 2022. "University education, homeownership and housing wealth," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    3. Bhaumik, Sumon K. & Gang, Ira N. & Yun, Myeong-Su, 2017. "Poverty's Deconstruction: Beyond the Visible," IZA Discussion Papers 11160, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Gale, William & Gelfond, Hilary & Fichtner, Jason, 2018. "How Will Retirement Saving Change by 2050? Prospects for the Millennial Generation," MPRA Paper 99196, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. William G. Gale & Hilary Gelfond & Jason J. Fichtner & Benjamin H. Harris, 2020. "The Wealth of Generations, With Special Attention to the Millennials," NBER Working Papers 27123, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Ashleigh Eldemire & Kimberly F Luchtenberg & Matthew M Wynter, 2022. "Does Homeownership Reduce Wealth Disparities for Low-Income and Minority Households?," Review of Corporate Finance Studies, Oxford University Press, vol. 11(3), pages 465-510.
    7. William R. Emmons & Ana Hernández Kent & Lowell R. Ricketts, 2019. "Is College Still Worth It? The New Calculus of Falling Returns," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 101(4), pages 297-329.
    8. Jonathan Fisher & Bradley L. Hardy, 2023. "Money matters: consumption variability across the income distribution," Fiscal Studies, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 44(3), pages 275-298, September.
    9. Awokuse, Titus & Chan, Nathan W. & González-Ramírez, Jimena & Gulati, Sumeet & Interis, Matthew G. & Jacobson, Sarah & Manning, Dale T. & Stolper, Samuel & Ando, Amy, 2023. "Environmental and Natural Resource Economics and Systemic Racism," RFF Working Paper Series 23-06, Resources for the Future.
    10. Joanna Taylor & Tatjana Meschede, 2018. "Inherited Prospects: The Importance of Financial Transfers for White and Black College‐Educated Households’ Wealth Trajectories," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 77(3-4), pages 1049-1076, May.

  5. William R. Emmons & Tasso Pettigrew & Lowell R. Ricketts, 2016. "Choosing to Fail or Lack of Choice? The Demographics of Loan Delinquency," In the Balance, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 15, pages 1-3.

    Cited by:

    1. William A. Darity & Darrick Hamilton, 2017. "The Political Economy of Education, Financial Literacy, and the Racial Wealth Gap," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 99(1), pages 59-76.

  6. William R. Emmons & Lowell R. Ricketts, 2016. "Unequal Degrees of Affluence: Racial and Ethnic Wealth Differences across Education Levels," The Regional Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue October.

    Cited by:

    1. Nam, Yunju, 2021. "Parents’ financial assistance for college and black-white wealth disparity," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).

  7. Ray Boshara & William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2015. "The Demographics of Wealth - How Age, Education and Race Separate Thrivers from Strugglers in Today's Economy. Essay No. 1: Race, Ethnicity and Wealth," Demographics of Wealth, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 1, pages 1-24.

    Cited by:

    1. Luke Petach & Daniele Tavani, 2020. "Differential Rates of Return and Racial Wealth Inequality," FMM Working Paper 57-2020, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
    2. Robert B. Williams, 2017. "Wealth Privilege and the Racial Wealth Gap: A Case Study in Economic Stratification," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 44(3), pages 303-325, December.
    3. Hazra, Devika, 2022. "Does monetary policy favor the skilled? − Distributional role of monetary policy," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 65-86.
    4. António R. Antunes & Valerio Ercolani, 2020. "Intergenerational wealth inequality: the role of demographics," Working Papers w202009, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department.
    5. Christina M. Gibson-Davis & Christine Percheski, 2018. "Children and the Elderly: Wealth Inequality Among America’s Dependents," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 55(3), pages 1009-1032, June.
    6. Kara, Alper & Zhou, Haoyong & Zhou, Yifan, 2021. "Achieving the United Nations' sustainable development goals through financial inclusion: A systematic literature review of access to finance across the globe," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).

  8. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2015. "Why Didn't Higher Education Protect Hispanic and Black Wealth?," In the Balance, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 12, pages 1-3.

    Cited by:

    1. Wang, Haining & Cheng, Zhiming & Smyth, Russell & Sun, Gong & Li, Jie & Wang, Wangshuai, 2022. "University education, homeownership and housing wealth," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    2. Lael Brainard, 2017. "Why Opportunity and Inclusion Matter to America’s Economic Strength : a speech at the Opportunity and Inclusive Growth Institute Conference, sponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, May 2," Speech 953, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    3. Joanna Taylor & Tatjana Meschede, 2018. "Inherited Prospects: The Importance of Financial Transfers for White and Black College‐Educated Households’ Wealth Trajectories," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 77(3-4), pages 1049-1076, May.

  9. Ray Boshara & William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2015. "The Demographics of Wealth - How Age, Education and Race Separate Thrivers from Strugglers in Today's Economy. Essay No. 2: The Role of Education," Demographics of Wealth, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 2, pages 1-28.

    Cited by:

    1. Luke Petach & Daniele Tavani, 2020. "Differential Rates of Return and Racial Wealth Inequality," FMM Working Paper 57-2020, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
    2. Maya Haran Rosen & Ofir Pinto & Olga Kondratjeva & Stephen Roll & Aytakin Huseynli & Michal Grinstein-Weiss, 2021. "Household Savings Decisions in Israel’s Child Savings Program: The Role of Demographic, Financial, and Intrinsic Factors," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 42(2), pages 368-386, June.
    3. Robert B. Williams, 2017. "Wealth Privilege and the Racial Wealth Gap: A Case Study in Economic Stratification," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 44(3), pages 303-325, December.
    4. Hazra, Devika, 2022. "Does monetary policy favor the skilled? − Distributional role of monetary policy," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 65-86.
    5. António R. Antunes & Valerio Ercolani, 2020. "Intergenerational wealth inequality: the role of demographics," Working Papers w202009, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department.
    6. Christina M. Gibson-Davis & Christine Percheski, 2018. "Children and the Elderly: Wealth Inequality Among America’s Dependents," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 55(3), pages 1009-1032, June.
    7. Raja Bentaouet Kattan & Kevin Macdonald & Harry Anthony Patrinos, 2021. "The Role of Education in Mitigating Automation’s Effect on Wage Inequality," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 35(1), pages 79-104, March.
    8. William A. Darity & Darrick Hamilton, 2017. "The Political Economy of Education, Financial Literacy, and the Racial Wealth Gap," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 99(1), pages 59-76.
    9. Kara, Alper & Zhou, Haoyong & Zhou, Yifan, 2021. "Achieving the United Nations' sustainable development goals through financial inclusion: A systematic literature review of access to finance across the globe," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).

  10. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2015. "The Middle Class May Be Under More Pressure Than You Think," In the Balance, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 11, pages 1-4.

    Cited by:

    1. Melissa Haller & Jeffrey B. Wenger & Melanie A. Zaber & George W. Zuo, 2022. "A Consumption-Based Definition of the Middle Class," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 164(3), pages 1249-1270, December.
    2. Emily Dohrman & Bruce Fallick, 2020. "Is the Middle Class Worse Off Than It Used to Be?," Economic Commentary, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, vol. 2020(03), pages 1-6, February.

  11. William R. Emmons & Lowell R. Ricketts, 2015. "The Importance of Wealth is Growing," In the Balance, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 13, pages 1-3.

    Cited by:

    1. Gangadharan, Lata & Grossman, Philip J. & Molle, Mana Komai & Vecci, Joe, 2019. "Impact of social identity and inequality on antisocial behaviour," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 199-215.

  12. Ray Boshara & William R. Emmons, 2015. "A Balance Sheet Perspective on Financial Success: Why Starting Early Matters," Journal of Consumer Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 49(1), pages 267-298, March.

    Cited by:

    1. Flavia Coda Moscarola & Matteo Migheli, 2017. "“Gender Differences in Financial Education: Evidence from Primary School”," CeRP Working Papers 169, Center for Research on Pensions and Welfare Policies, Turin (Italy).
    2. Carlsson Hauff, Jeanette & Hermansson, Cecilia, 2023. "“Buy him some Tesla stocks for his baptism”: Gender differences among young savers," Working Paper Series 23/12, Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Real Estate and Construction Management & Banking and Finance, revised 25 Jan 2024.
    3. Matey, Juabin, 2021. "Financial Literacy and Consumer Financial Well-being in Ghana: Any Nexus with Economic Stability?," MPRA Paper 110351, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 10 Oct 2021.

  13. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2014. "Housing crash continues to overshadow young families' balance sheets," In the Balance, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 7, pages 1-6.

    Cited by:

    1. Myers, Dowell & Lee, Hyojung & Simmons, Patrick A., 2020. "Cohort insights into recovery of Millennial homeownership after the Great Recession," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).
    2. Ray Boshara & William R. Emmons, 2015. "A Balance Sheet Perspective on Financial Success: Why Starting Early Matters," Journal of Consumer Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 49(1), pages 267-298, March.

  14. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2014. "Five Simple Questions That Reveal Your Financial Health and Wealth," In the Balance, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 10, pages 1-3.

    Cited by:

    1. Ray Boshara & William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2016. "The Demographics of Wealth - How Age, Education and Race Separate Thrivers from Strugglers in Today's Economy. Essay No. 3: Age, Birth Year and Wealth," Demographics of Wealth, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 3, pages 1-28.
    2. Terri Friedline & Stacia West, 2016. "Financial Education is not Enough: Millennials May Need Financial Capability to Demonstrate Healthier Financial Behaviors," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 37(4), pages 649-671, December.
    3. Ray Boshara & William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2015. "The Demographics of Wealth - How Age, Education and Race Separate Thrivers from Strugglers in Today's Economy. Essay No. 2: The Role of Education," Demographics of Wealth, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 2, pages 1-28.

  15. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2013. "Mortgage borrowing: the boom and bust," The Regional Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, April.

    Cited by:

    1. Anthony Orlando, 2018. "Asset Markets, Credit Markets, and Inequality: Distributional Changes in Housing, 1970-2016," ERES eres2018_182, European Real Estate Society (ERES).

  16. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2013. "The nation's wealth recovery since 2009 conceals vastly different balance-sheet realities among America's families," In the Balance, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 3, pages 1-2.

    Cited by:

    1. Dunn, Lucia & Olsen, Randall, 2014. "US household real net worth through the Great Recession and beyond: Have we recovered?," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 122(2), pages 272-275.

  17. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2013. "Economic vulnerability and financial fragility," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Sep, pages 361-388.

    Cited by:

    1. Sewon Hur, 2018. "The Lost Generation of the Great Recession," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 30, pages 179-202, October.
    2. Ray Boshara & William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2016. "The Demographics of Wealth - How Age, Education and Race Separate Thrivers from Strugglers in Today's Economy. Essay No. 3: Age, Birth Year and Wealth," Demographics of Wealth, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 3, pages 1-28.
    3. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2015. "The Middle Class May Be Under More Pressure Than You Think," In the Balance, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 11, pages 1-4.
    4. Ray Boshara & William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2015. "The Demographics of Wealth - How Age, Education and Race Separate Thrivers from Strugglers in Today's Economy. Essay No. 1: Race, Ethnicity and Wealth," Demographics of Wealth, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 1, pages 1-24.
    5. Ray Boshara & William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2015. "The Demographics of Wealth - How Age, Education and Race Separate Thrivers from Strugglers in Today's Economy. Essay No. 2: The Role of Education," Demographics of Wealth, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue 2, pages 1-28.
    6. Abdullah Yusof, Selamah & Abd Rokis, Rohaiza & Wan Jusoh, Wan Jamaliah, 2015. "Financial Fragility of Urban Households in Malaysia," Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, vol. 49(1), pages 15-24.

  18. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2013. "Why did young families lose so much wealth during the crisis? the role of homeownership," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Jan, pages 1-26.

    Cited by:

    1. Ellen A. Merry & Logan Thomas, 2014. "Asset Holdings of Young Households: Trends and Patterns," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 96(4), pages 391-411.
    2. Wegener, Christoph & Kruse, Robinson & Basse, Tobias, 2019. "The walking debt crisis," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 382-402.
    3. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2013. "Economic vulnerability and financial fragility," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Sep, pages 361-388.
    4. Dag Einar Sommervoll & Jan de Haan, 2014. "Homes and Castles: Should We Care about Idiosyncratic Risk?," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 90(4), pages 700-716.
    5. Dunn, Lucia & Olsen, Randall, 2014. "US household real net worth through the Great Recession and beyond: Have we recovered?," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 122(2), pages 272-275.
    6. J. Michael Collins & John Karl Scholz & Ananth Seshadri, 2013. "The Assets and Liabilities of Cohorts: The Antecedents of Retirement Security," Working Papers wp296, University of Michigan, Michigan Retirement Research Center.
    7. Terri Friedline & Ilsung Nam, 2014. "Savings From Ages 16 to 35: A Test to Inform Child Development Account Policy," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 6(1), pages 46-70, March.

  19. William R. Emmons, 2012. "Don't expect consumer spending to be the engine of economic growth it once was," The Regional Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, January.

    Cited by:

    1. Elliott, William & Rauscher, Emily & Nam, Ilsung, 2018. "Unequal returns: Intragenerational asset accumulation differs by net worth in early adulthood," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 253-263.
    2. Joergen Oerstroem Moeller, 2016. "Policy Brief: Imbalances Will Continue To Rule Over The Global Economy," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 61(05), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Zhan, Min & Xiang, Xiaoling & Elliott, William, 2016. "Education loans and wealth building among young adults," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 67-75.

  20. Ray Boshara & William R. Emmons, 2012. "After the fall : rebuilding family balance sheets, rebuilding the economy," Annual Report, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, pages 4-15.

    Cited by:

    1. Elliott, William & Rauscher, Emily & Nam, Ilsung, 2018. "Unequal returns: Intragenerational asset accumulation differs by net worth in early adulthood," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 253-263.
    2. William Elliott & Michal Grinstein-Weiss & Melinda Lewis & IlSung Nam, 2014. "Student Loan Debt: Can Parental College Savings Help?," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 96(4), pages 331-357.
    3. Christophe André, 2016. "Household debt in OECD countries: stylised facts and policy issues," Chapters from NBP Conference Publications, in: Hanna Augustyniak & Jacek Łaszek & Krzysztof Olszewski & Joanna Waszczuk (ed.), Papers presented during the Narodowy Bank Polski Workshop: Recent trends in the real estate market and its analysis - 2015 edition, chapter 2, pages v1, 33-85, Narodowy Bank Polski.

  21. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2012. "Household financial stability: who suffered the most from the crisis?," The Regional Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Jul.

    Cited by:

    1. Olga Zakrevskaya & Sharon Mastracci, 2013. "Differential Effects of the Great Recession by Household Type," Challenge, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 56(6), pages 87-114.
    2. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2013. "Economic vulnerability and financial fragility," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Sep, pages 361-388.
    3. William R. Emmons & Bryan J. Noeth, 2013. "Why did young families lose so much wealth during the crisis? the role of homeownership," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Jan, pages 1-26.
    4. María del Rosario Ruiz Hernández. & Leonardo Adalberto Gatica., 2021. "Efectos de la gran recesión sobre la distribución del ingreso en México. (The Effects of the Great Recession on the Income Distribution in Mexico)," Ensayos Revista de Economia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Economia, vol. 0(1), pages 55-88, May.
    5. Valentina Duque & Natasha V Pilkauskas & Irwin Garfinkel, 2018. "Assets among low-income families in the Great Recession," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(2), pages 1-21, February.
    6. Fabian T. Pfeffer & Sheldon Danziger & Robert F. Schoeni, 2013. "Wealth Disparities Before and After the Great Recession," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 650(1), pages 98-123, November.
    7. Tammy Leonard & Wenhua Di, 2014. "Is Household Wealth Sustainable? An Examination of Asset Poverty Reentry After an Exit," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 35(2), pages 131-144, June.
    8. Ray Boshara & William R. Emmons, 2015. "A Balance Sheet Perspective on Financial Success: Why Starting Early Matters," Journal of Consumer Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 49(1), pages 267-298, March.

  22. William R. Emmons & Kathy Fogel & Wayne Y. Lee & Liping Ma & Deena Rorie & Timothy J. Yeager, 2011. "The foreclosure crisis in 2008: predatory lending or household overreaching?," The Regional Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue July, pages 12-14.

    Cited by:

    1. Bhardwaj, Geetesh & Sengupta, Rajdeep, 2012. "Subprime mortgage design," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 1503-1519.

  23. William R. Emmons, 2010. "Economic hangover: recovery is likely to be prolonged, painful," The Regional Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Apr, pages 4-9.

    Cited by:

    1. Nitz, Lawrence H., 2010. "Who Loses: An examination of losses in housing net worth, non-housing assets, and total savings from 2007 to 2008 among American families," MPRA Paper 24897, University Library of Munich, Germany.

  24. William R. Emmons, 2008. "The mortgage crisis: let markets work, but compensate the truly needy," The Regional Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Jul, pages 10-16.

    Cited by:

    1. Kenc, Turalay & Dibooglu, Sel, 2010. "The 2007-2009 financial crisis, global imbalances and capital flows: Implications for reform," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 3-21, March.

  25. William R. Emmons & Rajdeep Sengupta, 2007. "What is subprime lending?," Monetary Trends, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Jun.

    Cited by:

    1. Agarwal, Sumit & Chang, Yan & Yavas, Abdullah, 2012. "Adverse selection in mortgage securitization," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(3), pages 640-660.
    2. James B. Bullard & Christopher J. Neely & David C. Wheelock, 2009. "Systemic risk and the financial crisis: a primer," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 91(Sep), pages 403-418.
    3. Paul Mizen, 2008. "The credit crunch of 2007-2008: a discussion of the background, market reactions, and policy responses," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 90(Sep), pages 531-568.
    4. Songwe, Vera, 2011. "Food, Financial Crises, and Complex Derivatives: A Tale of High Stakes Innovation and Diversification," World Bank - Economic Premise, The World Bank, issue 69, pages 1-9, November.
    5. Woon Sau Leung & Nicholas Taylor, 2013. "Testing for contagion: the impact of US structured markets on international financial markets," Chapters, in: Adrian R. Bell & Chris Brooks & Marcel Prokopczuk (ed.), Handbook of Research Methods and Applications in Empirical Finance, chapter 11, pages 256-284, Edward Elgar Publishing.

  26. William R. Emmons, 2006. "As household asset values rise, should we still worry about the saving rate?," The Regional Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Jul, pages 10-11.

    Cited by:

    1. Mikael Juselius & Mathias Drehmann, 2020. "Leverage Dynamics and the Burden of Debt," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 82(2), pages 347-364, April.
    2. Mikael Juselius & Mathias Drehmann, 2015. "Leverage dynamics and the real burden of debt," BIS Working Papers 501, Bank for International Settlements.

  27. William R. Emmons & Aeimit K. Lakdawala & Christopher J. Neely, 2006. "What are the odds? option-based forecasts of FOMC target changes," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 88(Nov), pages 543-562.

    Cited by:

    1. Zhengyang Chen, 2019. "The Long-term Rate and Interest Rate Volatility in Monetary Policy Transmission," 2019 Papers pch1858, Job Market Papers.
    2. Husted, Lucas & Rogers, John & Sun, Bo, 2020. "Monetary policy uncertainty," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 20-36.
    3. Michael D. Bauer & Aeimit K. Lakdawala & Philippe Mueller, 2021. "Market-Based Monetary Policy Uncertainty," Working Paper Series 2019-12, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
    4. Lakdawala, Aeimit, 2021. "The growing impact of US monetary policy on emerging financial markets: Evidence from India," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    5. Renne, Jean-Paul, 2016. "A tractable interest rate model with explicit monetary policy rates," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 251(3), pages 873-887.
    6. Bo Young Chang & Bruno Feunou, 2013. "Measuring Uncertainty in Monetary Policy Using Implied Volatility and Realized Volatility," Staff Working Papers 13-37, Bank of Canada.

  28. William R. Emmons & Vahe Lskavyan & Timothy J. Yeager, 2005. "Basel II will trickle down to community bankers, consumers," The Regional Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Apr, pages 12-13.

    Cited by:

    1. Paul Calem & James Follain, 2007. "Regulatory Capital Arbitrage and the Potential Competitive Impact of Basel II in the Market for Residential Mortgages," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 35(2), pages 197-219, August.
    2. R. Alton Gilbert, 2006. "Keep the Leverage Ratio for Large Banks to Limit the Competititive Effects of Implementing Basel II Captial Requirements," NFI Policy Briefs 2006-PB-01, Indiana State University, Scott College of Business, Networks Financial Institute.

  29. William Emmons & R. Gilbert & Timothy Yeager, 2004. "Reducing the Risk at Small Community Banks: Is it Size or Geographic Diversification that Matters?," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 25(2), pages 259-281, April.

    Cited by:

    1. Saqib Aziz & Michael Dowling & Jean-Jacques Lilti, 2016. "Bank Acquisitiveness and Financial Crisis Vulnerability," Post-Print halshs-01360952, HAL.
    2. Marco Crocco & Fabiana Santos & Pedro Amaral, 2010. "The Spatial Structure of Financial Development in Brazil," Spatial Economic Analysis, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 5(2), pages 181-203.
    3. Robert DeYoung & William Hunter & Gregory Udell, 2004. "The Past, Present, and Probable Future for Community Banks," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 25(2), pages 85-133, April.
    4. O. De Jonghe & M. Disli & K. Schoors, 2011. "Corporate governance, opaque bank activities, and risk/return efficiency: Pre- and post-crisis evidence from Turkey," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 11/729, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.
    5. Paola Brighi & Valeria Venturelli, 2013. "The Effect Of Revenue And Geographic Diversification On Bank Performance," Centro Studi di Banca e Finanza (CEFIN) (Center for Studies in Banking and Finance) 0043, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi".
    6. Le, Huong Nguyen Quynh & Nguyen, Thai Vu Hong & Schinckus, Christophe, 2022. "The role of strategic interactions in risk-taking behavior: A study from asset growth perspective," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    7. Bülbül, Dilek, 2013. "Determinants of trust in banking networks," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 236-248.
    8. Frederick T. Furlong & John Krainer, 2007. "Regional economic conditions and community bank performance," FRBSF Economic Letter, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, issue jul27.
    9. Chung, Hsien-Jui & Chen, Chun-Chung & Hsieh, Tsun-Jui, 2007. "First geographic expansion of startup firms: Initial size and entry timing effects," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 60(4), pages 388-395, April.
    10. Zamore, Stephen & Beisland, Leif Atle & Mersland, Roy, 2019. "Geographic diversification and credit risk in microfinance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    11. Kathy Estes, 2014. "Diversification and Community Bank Performanceduringa Financial Crisis," International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies, Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 3(4), pages 01-40, October.
    12. Vallascas, Francesco & Hagendorff, Jens, 2011. "The impact of European bank mergers on bidder default risk," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 902-915, April.
    13. Qing Bai & Lu Zhu, 2018. "The Effects of Industry Specific and Local Economic Factors on Credit Default Swap Spreads: Evidence from REITs," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 54(3), pages 293-321, December.
    14. Yeager, Timothy J., 2004. "The demise of community banks? Local economic shocks are not to blame," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 28(9), pages 2135-2153, September.
    15. Schüwer, Ulrich & Gropp, Reint E. & Noth, Felix, 2016. "What drives banks' geographic expansion? The role of locally non-diversifiable risk," VfS Annual Conference 2016 (Augsburg): Demographic Change 145885, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    16. Timothy J. Yeager, 2004. "Economies of integration in banking: an application of the survivor principle," Supervisory Policy Analysis Working Papers 2004-04, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    17. Frederick T. Furlong & John Krainer, 2007. "Regional economic conditions and the variability of rates of return in commercial banking," Working Paper Series 2007-21, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
    18. Dean F. Amel & Robin A. Prager, 2016. "Community Bank Performance: How Important are Managers?," Review of Industrial Organization, Springer;The Industrial Organization Society, vol. 48(2), pages 149-180, March.
    19. Meslier, Céline & Morgan, Donald P. & Samolyk, Katherine & Tarazi, Amine, 2016. "The benefits and costs of geographic diversification in banking," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 287-317.
    20. Alex Fayman & Su‐Jane Chen & Timothy Mayes, 2022. "Community banks versus non‐community banks: Post the Great Recession," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 51(2), July.
    21. Alan T. Wang & Yu-Hong Liu & Yu-Chen Chang, 2018. "An Analysis of Gains to US Acquiring REIT Shareholders in Domestic and Cross-Border Mergers before and after the Subprime Mortgage Crisis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-13, December.
    22. Hassan, M. Kabir & Karim, M. Sydul & Lawrence, Shari & Risfandy, Tastaftiyan, 2022. "Weathering the COVID-19 storm: The case of community banks," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    23. Matias Huhtilainen & Jani Saastamoinen & Niko Suhonen, 2022. "Determinants of mergers and acquisitions among Finnish cooperative and savings banks," Journal of Banking Regulation, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 23(3), pages 339-349, September.
    24. Craig P. Aubuchon & David C. Wheelock, 2010. "The geographic distribution and characteristics of U.S. bank failures, 2007-2010: do bank failures still reflect local economic conditions?," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 92(Sep), pages 395-415.
    25. Céline Meslier-Crouzille & Donald P. Morgan & Katherine Samolyk & Amine Tarazi, 2014. "The Benefits of Intrastate and Interstate Geographic Diversification in Banking," Working Papers hal-00950504, HAL.
    26. Goddard, John & McKillop, Donal & Wilson, John O.S., 2008. "The diversification and financial performance of US credit unions," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(9), pages 1836-1849, September.
    27. Mare, Davide Salvatore, 2015. "Contribution of macroeconomic factors to the prediction of small bank failures," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 25-39.
    28. Koerniadi, Hardjo & Krishnamurti, Chandrasekhar & Tourani-Rad, Alireza, 2015. "Cross-border mergers and acquisitions and default risk," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 336-348.
    29. Chu, Kam Hon, 2015. "Bank consolidation and stability: The Canadian experience, 1867–1935," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 46-60.
    30. Brealey, Richard A & Cooper, Ian A & Kaplanis, Evi, 2019. "The effect of mergers on US bank risk in the short run and in the long run," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    31. JAMES Hannah & CASEY Michael & MITCHELL David, 2019. "Decline In State Chartered Banks:Causes, Concerns, And Conclusions," Studies in Business and Economics, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Economic Sciences, vol. 14(1), pages 99-110, April.
    32. Subhash C. Ray & Shilpa Sethia, 2022. "Nonparametric measurement of potential gains from mergers: an additive decomposition and application to Indian bank mergers," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 57(2), pages 115-130, April.
    33. Yan Yu, 2022. "Analyst Earnings Forecast Optimism during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-16, October.
    34. Sullivan, Richard J. & Spong, Kenneth R., 2007. "Manager wealth concentration, ownership structure, and risk in commercial banks," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 16(2), pages 229-248, April.
    35. Yang Zhang, 2018. "Corporate Governance Effects on Risk Management and Shareholder Wealth: The Case of Mergers and Acquisitions," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 4-2018.
    36. Céline Meslier-Crouzille & Donald P. Morgan & Katherine Samolyk & Amine Tarazi, 2015. "The Benefits of Geographic Diversification in Banking," Working Papers hal-01155170, HAL.
    37. Beltratti, Andrea & Paladino, Giovanna, 2011. "Is M&A different during a crisis? Evidence from the European banking sector," MPRA Paper 35065, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    38. Dean F. Amel & Robin A. Prager, 2014. "Community Bank Performance: How Important are Managers?," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2014-26, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    39. Jyh-Jiuan Lin & Chuen-Ping Chang & Shi Chen, 2018. "How Does Distress Acquisition Incentivized by Government Purchases of Distressed Loans Affect Bank Default Risk?," Risks, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-16, April.

  30. William R. Emmons & Mark D. Vaughan & Timothy J. Yeager, 2004. "The housing giants in plain view," The Regional Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Jul, pages 4-9.

    Cited by:

    1. Lewis, Mervyn K., 2009. "The origins of the sub-prime crisis: Inappropriate policies, regulations, or both?," Accounting forum, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 114-126.

  31. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2002. "Asset mispricing, arbitrage, and volatility," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 84(Nov), pages 19-28.

    Cited by:

  32. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2002. "Pricing and Dividend Policies in Open Credit Cooperatives," Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE), Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 158(2), pages 234-255, June.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  33. William R. Emmons & Timothy J. Yeager, 2002. "An imperfect crystal ball," The Regional Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Jan., pages 10-11.

    Cited by:

    1. Binder, Carola Conces, 2016. "Estimation of historical inflation expectations," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 1-31.
    2. Rodrigo Calcagni T., 2020. "Implied monetary policy extracted from interest rate swaps in Chile," Revista de Analisis Economico – Economic Analysis Review, Universidad Alberto Hurtado/School of Economics and Business, vol. 35(2), pages 3-27, October.
    3. Jahantigh , Forough & Rahmi Ghasemabadi , Mohammad & Jalali , Omolbanin, 2018. "The Impact of Monetary Policy Shock on the Price of Storable Goods: A Case Study of Food," Journal of Money and Economy, Monetary and Banking Research Institute, Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran, vol. 13(4), pages 471-490, October.

  34. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2001. "Membership structure, competition, and occupational credit union deposit rates," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 83(Jan), pages 41-50.

    Cited by:

    1. Liliana Stern & Steve Swidler & Christoph Hinkelmann, 2009. "Deposit rate sensitivity of credit union shares," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 33(3), pages 259-272, July.

  35. William R. Emmons & R. Alton Gilbert & Mark D. Vaughan, 2001. "A third pillar of bank supervision," The Regional Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Oct, pages 4-9.

    Cited by:

    1. Nyborg, Kjell G., 2015. "Bank Supervision after the Financial Crisis: Signals from the Market for Liquidity," Discussion Papers 2015/14, Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Business and Management Science.

  36. William R. Emmons, 2000. "The information content of Treasury inflation-indexed securities," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 82(Nov), pages 25-38.

    Cited by:

    1. Kevin L. Kliesen & Frank A. Schmid, 2004. "Monetary policy actions, macroeconomic data releases, and inflation expectations," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 86(May), pages 9-22.
    2. Basse, Tobias & Wegener, Christoph, 2022. "Inflation expectations: Australian consumer survey data versus the bond market," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 416-430.
    3. Ian Christensen & Frédéric Dion & Christopher Reid, 2004. "Real Return Bonds, Inflation Expectations, and the Break-Even Inflation Rate," Staff Working Papers 04-43, Bank of Canada.
    4. Gilbert Cette & Marielle de Jong, 2013. "Breakeven inflation rates and their puzzling correlation relationships," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(18), pages 2579-2585, June.
    5. Cette, G. & de Jong, M., 2013. "Market-implied inflation and growth rates adversely affected by the Brent," Working papers 433, Banque de France.
    6. Madureira, Leonardo, 2007. "The ex ante real rate and inflation premium under a habit consumption model," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 14(3), pages 355-382, June.
    7. Juan Angel Garcia & Adrian van Rixtel, 2007. "Inflation-linked bonds from a central bank perspective," Occasional Papers 0705, Banco de España.
    8. Montes, Gabriel Caldas & Curi, Alexandre, 2017. "Disagreement in expectations about public debt, monetary policy credibility and inflation risk premium," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 46-61.
    9. Marielle de Jong & Gilbert Cette, 2008. "The rocky ride of break-even inflation rates," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 5(31), pages 1-8.

  37. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2000. "The Asian crisis and the exposure of large U.S. firms," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 82(Jan), pages 15-34.

    Cited by:

    1. Tarun Chordia & Asani Sarkar & Avanidhar Subrahmanyam, 2005. "The joint dynamics of liquidity, returns, and volatility across small and large firms," Staff Reports 207, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    2. Lumsdaine, Robin L. & Okui, Ryo & Wang, Wendun, 2023. "Estimation of panel group structure models with structural breaks in group memberships and coefficients," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 233(1), pages 45-65.
    3. Cletus C. Coughlin & Patricia S. Pollard, 2000. "State exports and the Asian crisis," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 82(Jan), pages 3-14.
    4. Choudhry, Taufiq, 2005. "Time-varying beta and the Asian financial crisis: Evidence from Malaysian and Taiwanese firms," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 93-118, January.
    5. Chen, Cherry C. & So, Raymond W., 2002. "Exchange rate variability and the riskiness of US multinational firms: evidence from the Asian financial turmoil," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 12(4-5), pages 411-428.

  38. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2000. "Bank competition and concentration: do credit unions matter?," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 82(May), pages 29-42.

    Cited by:

    1. Adam Baszynski, 2011. "Mergers and acquisitions in the banking sector and the competitive structure of the banking services market in Poland since 2004," Ekonomia i Prawo, Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, vol. 7(1), pages 391-407, December.
    2. Shaffer, Sherrill, 2004. "Patterns of competition in banking," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 56(4), pages 287-313.
    3. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2004. "When for-profits and not-for-profits compete: theory and empirical evidence from retail banking," Working Papers 2004-004, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    4. Christian Weller, 2010. "Have Differences in Credit Access Diminished in an Era of Financial Market Deregulation?," Review of Social Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 68(1), pages 1-34.
    5. Jordan van Rijn & Shuwei Zeng & Paul Hellman, 2021. "Financial institution objectives and auto loan pricing: Evidence from the survey of consumer finances," Journal of Consumer Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 55(3), pages 995-1039, September.
    6. Van Rixtel, Adrian & Kok, Christoffer & van Leuvensteijn, Michiel & Bikker, Jacob A., 2007. "A new approach to measuring competition in the loan markets of the euro area," Working Paper Series 768, European Central Bank.
    7. Jean-Noël Ory & Yasmina Lemzeri, 2008. "An appraisal of « cooperative banks » versus « plc banks » efficiency: a focus on the French situation and a European perspective," Cahiers du CEREFIGE 0801, CEREFIGE (Centre Europeen de Recherche en Economie Financiere et Gestion des Entreprises), Universite de Lorraine, revised 2008.
    8. Robert M. Feinberg & A.F.M. Ataur Rahman, 2006. "Are Credit Unions Just Small Banks? Determinants of Loan Rates in Local Consumer Lending Markets," Eastern Economic Journal, Eastern Economic Association, vol. 32(4), pages 647-659, Fall.
    9. John R. Walter & Patricia E. Wescott, 2008. "Antitrust analysis in banking : goals, methods, and justifications in a changed environment," Economic Quarterly, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, vol. 94(Win), pages 45-72.
    10. Shaffer, Sherrill, 2001. "Banking conduct before the European single banking license: a cross-country comparison," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 79-104, March.
    11. Pat McGregor, 2005. "Credit Unions and the Supply of Insurance to Low Income Households," Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 76(3), pages 355-374, September.
    12. Alexandre Pourchet & Andrée de Serres & Bernard de Montmorillon, 2014. "Une analyse néo-institutionnelle de l'évolution de la gouvernance et des activités métiers du Groupe Bancaire Coopératif en France," Post-Print hal-01457041, HAL.
    13. Charles Okeahalam, 2007. "Economics of access in a developing country: an analysis of firm‐conduct in financial services," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 34(12), pages 923-942, October.
    14. Griffith, Ronnie & Waithe, Kimberly & Lorde, Troy & Craigwell, Roland, 2009. "The contribution of credit unions to the national development of Barbados," MPRA Paper 33439, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    15. Robert M. Feinberg, 2003. "The Determinants of Bank Rates in Local Consumer Lending Markets: Comparing Market and Institution‐Level Results," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 70(1), pages 144-156, July.
    16. Dereeper, Sébastien & Lobez, Frédéric & Statnik, Jean-Christophe, 2020. "Bank credit rates across the business cycle: Evidence from a French cooperative contracts database," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    17. Tatom, John, 2005. "Competitive advantage: a study of the federal tax exemption for credit unions," MPRA Paper 4398, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. David Ely & Kenneth Robinson, 2009. "Credit Unions and Small Business Lending," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 35(1), pages 53-80, February.
    19. Sherrill Shaffer, 2002. "Conduct in a Banking Monopoly," Review of Industrial Organization, Springer;The Industrial Organization Society, vol. 20(3), pages 221-238, May.
    20. Christian E. Weller & Amy Helburn, 2009. "Public Policy Options to Build Wealth for America’s Middle Class," Working Papers wp210, Political Economy Research Institute, University of Massachusetts at Amherst.
    21. Michael A. Kouparitsas, 2005. "Is there evidence of the new economy in U.S. GDP data?," Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, vol. 29(Q I), pages 12-29.
    22. Jean-Noël Ory & Mireille Jaeger & Emmanuelle Gurtner, 2006. "La banque à forme coopérative peut-elle soutenir durablement la compétition avec la banque SA?," Revue Finance Contrôle Stratégie, revues.org, vol. 9(2), pages 121-157, June.

  39. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 1999. "Wages and risk-taking in occupational credit unions: theory and evidence," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Mar, pages 13-32.

    Cited by:

    1. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2000. "Banks vs. credit unions; dynamic competition in local markets," Working Papers 2000-006, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    2. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2000. "Bank competition and concentration: do credit unions matter?," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 82(May), pages 29-42.
    3. Wheelock, David C. & Wilson, Paul W., 2013. "The evolution of cost-productivity and efficiency among US credit unions," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 75-88.
    4. Leggett, Keith J. & Strand, Robert W., 2002. "Membership growth, multiple membership groups and agency control at credit unions," Review of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 11(1), pages 37-46.
    5. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 1999. "Credit unions and the common bond," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 81(Sep), pages 41-64.
    6. Silvio Goglio & Yiorgos Alexopoulos, 2009. "Financial Deregulation and Economic Distress: Is There a Future for Financial Co-operatives?," Euricse Working Papers 09001, Euricse (European Research Institute on Cooperative and Social Enterprises).
    7. Alexopoulos, Yiorgos & Goglio, Silvio, 2011. "Financial Cooperatives: Problems and Challenges in the Post-Crisis Era," Journal of Rural Cooperation, Hebrew University, Center for Agricultural Economic Research, vol. 39(1), pages 1-14.
    8. Silvio Goglio & Yiorgos Alexopoulos, 2014. "Editorial: Cooperative Banks at a Turning Point?," Journal of Entrepreneurial and Organizational Diversity, European Research Institute on Cooperative and Social Enterprises, vol. 3(1), pages 1-8, June.

  40. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 1999. "Credit unions and the common bond," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 81(Sep), pages 41-64.
    See citations under working paper version above.
  41. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 1998. "Universal banking, control rights, and corporate finance in Germany," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Jul, pages 19-42.

    Cited by:

    1. Goergen, Marc & Manjon, Miguel C. & Renneboog, Luc, 2008. "Recent developments in German corporate governance," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 175-193, September.
    2. Elsas, Ralf & Krahnen, Jan Pieter, 2003. "Universal Banks and Relationships with Firms," CFS Working Paper Series 2003/20, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
    3. Degryse, H.A. & Ongena, S., 2000. "Bank Relationship and Firm Profitability," Discussion Paper 2000-14, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
    4. Hafiz Mustansar Javaid & Snober Javid, 2017. "Determining Agency Theory Framework through Financial Leverage & Insider Ownership," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(3), pages 21-28, March.
    5. Hsin-Yu Liang & Alan K. Reichert & Larry D. Wall, 2008. "The final frontier : the integration of banking and commerce. Part 1, the likely outcome of eliminating the barrier," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, vol. 93(1).
    6. Franks, Julian & Mayer, Colin, 2001. "Ownership and Control of German Corporations," CEPR Discussion Papers 2898, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    7. Elston, Julie Ann & Goldberg, Lawrence G., 2003. "Executive compensation and agency costs in Germany," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(7), pages 1391-1410, July.
    8. Marco Becht & Ekkehart Boehmer, 2003. "Voting control in German corporations," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/13312, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    9. Edwards, Jeremy S.S. & Weichenrieder, Alfons J., 2009. "Control rights, pyramids, and the measurement of ownership concentration," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 72(1), pages 489-508, October.
    10. Gary Gorton & Frank Schmid, 2000. "Class Struggle Inside the Firm: A Study of German Codetermination," Center for Financial Institutions Working Papers 00-36, Wharton School Center for Financial Institutions, University of Pennsylvania.
    11. Reinhard H. Schmidt, 2004. "Corporate Governance in Germany: An Economic Perspective," Working Paper Series: Finance and Accounting 118, Department of Finance, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main.
    12. Din, Shahab-u- & Javid, Attiya Yasmin, 2011. "Impact of managerial ownership on financial policies and the firm’s performance: evidence Pakistani manufacturing firms," MPRA Paper 37560, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Marc Goergen & Miguel Manjon & Luc Renneboog, 2008. "Is the German system of corporate governance converging towards the Anglo-American model?," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 12(1), pages 37-71, March.
    14. Gorton, Gary & Schmid, Frank A., 2000. "Universal banking and the performance of German firms," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(1-2), pages 29-80.
    15. Ann†Kristin Achleitner & André Betzer & Marc Goergen & Bastian Hinterramskogler, 2013. "Private Equity Acquisitions of Continental European Firms: the Impact of Ownership and Control on the Likelihood of Being Taken Private," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 19(1), pages 72-107, January.
    16. Istemi Demirag & Mehmet Serter, 2003. "Ownership Patterns and Control in Turkish Listed Companies," Corporate Governance: An International Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(1), pages 40-51, January.
    17. Chirinko, Bob, 1999. "Firm performance, financial institutions and corporate governance in the Netherlands," Research Report 99E40, University of Groningen, Research Institute SOM (Systems, Organisations and Management).
    18. Andreani, Ettore, 2003. "Corporate Control and the Financial System in Germany: Recent Changes in the Role of Banks," Thuenen-Series of Applied Economic Theory 37, University of Rostock, Institute of Economics.
    19. Frank A. Schmid & Mark Wahrenburg, 2002. "Mergers and acquisitions in Germany," Working Papers 2002-027, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

  42. William R. Emmons, 1997. "Recent developments in wholesale payments systems," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Nov, pages 23-43.

    Cited by:

    1. Charles M. Kahn & James J. McAndrews & William Roberds, 1999. "Settlement risk under gross and net settlement," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 99-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    2. Richard G. Anderson & Robert H. Rasche, 2000. "Retail sweep programs and bank reserves, 1994--1999," Working Papers 2000-023, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    3. Charles M. Kahn & William Roberds, 1999. "Real-time gross settlement and the costs of immediacy," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 98-21, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    4. von Hagen, Jürgen & Fender, Ingo, 1998. "Central bank policy in a more perfect financial system," ZEI Working Papers B 03-1998, University of Bonn, ZEI - Center for European Integration Studies.
    5. Cronin, David, 2011. "Large-Value Payment System Design and Risk Management," Quarterly Bulletin Articles, Central Bank of Ireland, pages 78-88, January.
    6. Charles M. Kahn & William Roberds, 2009. "Payments Settlement: Tiering in Private and Public Systems," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 41(5), pages 855-884, August.

  43. William R. Emmons, 1996. "Price stability and the efficiency of the retail payments system," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Sep, pages 49-61.

    Cited by:

    1. William R. Emmons, 1997. "Recent developments in wholesale payments systems," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Nov, pages 23-43.
    2. James J. McAndrews & William Roberds, 2000. "The economics of check float," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, vol. 85(Q4), pages 17-27.
    3. Jeffrey M. Lacker, 1997. "The check float puzzle," Economic Quarterly, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, issue Sum, pages 1-26.
    4. Camera, Gabriele, 2001. "Dirty money," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(2), pages 377-415, April.

Chapters

  1. William R. Emmons & Frank A. Schmid, 2002. "Mergers and acquisitions in globalizing Europe," Chapters, in: Thomas L. Brewer & Paul A. Brenton & Gavin Boyd (ed.), Globalizing Europe, chapter 4, pages 101-124, Edward Elgar Publishing.

    Cited by:

    1. Deborah Hann, 2010. "The continuing tensions between European works councils and trade unions - a comparative study of the financial sector," Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, , vol. 16(4), pages 525-540, November.

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