Publications

by members of

Centre for Policy Evaluation (CPE)
School of Economics
University of Nottingham
Nottingham, United Kingdom

Working papers

2008

1. Arntz, Melanie & Lo, Simon M. S. & Wilke, Ralf A., 2008. "Bounds analysis of competing risks : a nonparametric evaluation of the effect of unemployment benefits on migration in Germany (Revised version of the FDZ Methodenbericht No. 04/2007)," FDZ Methodenreport 200806_en, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]. [Downloadable!]
2. Wilke, Ralf A. & Arntz, Melanie, 2008. "How Weather-Proof is the Construction Sector? Empirical Evidence from Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 08-105, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]

2007

1. Bernd Fitzenberger & Ralf A. Wilke, 2007. "New Insights on Unemployment Duration and Post Unemployment Earnings in Germany: Censored Box-Cox Quantile Regression at Work," IZA Discussion Papers 2609, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
2. Kruppe, Thomas & Müller, Eva & Wichert, Laura & Wilke, Ralf A., 2007. "On the Definition of Unemployment and its Implementation in Register Data: The Case of Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 07-041, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
3. Fitzenberger, Bernd & Wilke, Ralf A., 2007. "New insights on unemployment duration and post unemployment earnings in Germany : censored Box-Cox quantile regression at work," ZEW Discussion Papers 07-007, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
4. Wilke, Ralf A. & Lo, Simon M. S. & Arntz, Melanie, 2007. "Bounds Analysis of Competing Risks: A Nonparametric Evaluation of the Effect of Unemployment Benefits on Imigration in Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 07-049, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
5. Wichert, Laura & Wilke, Ralf A., 2007. "Simple nonparametric estimators for unemployment duration analysis," FDZ Methodenreport 200709_en, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]. [Downloadable!]
6. Arntz, Melanie & Lo, Simon M. S. & Wilke, Ralf A., 2007. "Bounds analysis of competing risks : a nonparametric evaluation of the effect of unemployment benefits on migration in Germany," FDZ Methodenreport 200704_en, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]. [Downloadable!]
7. Kruppe, Thomas & Müller, Eva & Wichert, Laura & Wilke, Ralf A., 2007. "On the definition of unemployment and its implementation in register data : the case of Germany," FDZ Methodenreport 200703_en, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]. [Downloadable!]

2006

1. Tomi Kyyrä & Ralf A. Wilke, 2006. "Reduction in the Long-Term Unemployment of the Elderly: A Success Story from Finland Revised," Discussion Papers 396, Government Institute for Economic Research Finland (VATT). [Downloadable!]
2. Arntz, Melanie & Wilke, Ralf A & Winterhager, Henrik, 2006. "Regionenmatching im Rahmen der Evaluation der Experimentierungsklausel des § 6c SGB II : methodische Vorgehensweise und Ergebnisse," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-61, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
3. Arntz, Melanie & Wilke, Ralf A., 2006. "Unemployment duration in Germany : individual and regional determinants of local job finding, migration and subsidized employment," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-92, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
4. Müller, Eva & Wilke, Ralf A. & Zahn, Philipp, 2006. "Beschäftigung und Arbeitslosigkeit älterer Arbeitnehmer: Eine mikroökonometrische Evaluation der Arbeitslosengeldreform von 1997," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-21, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
5. Arntz, Melanie & Wilke, Ralf A., 2006. "Area interpolation in presence of measurement error and an application to German administrative data," FDZ Methodenreport 200601_en, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]. [Downloadable!]
6. Zahn, Philipp & Wilke, Ralf A. & Müller, Eva, 2006. "Beschäftigung und Arbeitslosigkeit älterer Arbeitnehmer: Eine mikroökonometrische Evaluation der Arbeitslosengeldreform von 1997," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-021 [rev.], ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]

2005

1. Sokbae 'Simon' Lee & Ralf A. Wilke, 2005. "Reform of unemployment compensation in Germany: a nonparametric bounds analysis using register data," CeMMAP working papers CWP02/05, Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice, Institute for Fiscal Studies. [Downloadable!]
2. Wilke, Ralf A. & Wichert, Laura, 2005. "Application of a simple nonparametric conditional quantile function estimator in unemployment duration analysis," ZEW Discussion Papers 05-67 [rev.], ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
3. Lee, Sokbae & Wilke, Ralf A., 2005. "Reform of Unemployment Compensation in Germany : A Nonparametric Bounds Analysis Using Register Data," ZEW Discussion Papers 05-29, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
4. Arntz, Melanie & Wilke, Ralf A., 2005. "Map Intersection Based Merging Schemes for Administrative Data Sources and an Application to Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 05-20, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
5. Fitzenberger, Bernd & Wilke, Ralf A., 2005. "Using Quantile Regression for Duration Analysis," ZEW Discussion Papers 05-65, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
6. Wichert, Laura & Wilke, Ralf A., 2005. "Application of a simple nonparametric conditional quantile function estimator in unemployment duration analysis," ZEW Discussion Papers 05-67, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
7. Biewen, Martin & Wilke, Ralf A., 2005. "Unemployment Duration and the Length of Entitlement Periods for Unemployment Benefits : Do the IAB Employment Subsample and the German Socio-Economic Panel Yield the Same Results?," ZEW Discussion Papers 05-05, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
8. Wilke, Ralf A. & Fitzenberger, Bernd & Zhang, Xuan, 2005. "A Note on Implementing Box-Cox Quantile Regression," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-61 [rev.], ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
9. Wilke, Ralf A., 2005. "Semiparametric Estimation Consumption Based Equivalence Scales - Case Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-53 [rev.], ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
10. Xuan, Zhang & Wilke, Ralf A. & Lüdemann, Elke, 2005. "Censored Quantile Regressions and the Length of Unemployment Periods in West Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-57 [rev.], ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]

2004

1. James Banks & R Disney & Alan Duncan & John Van Reenen, 2004. "The Internationalisation of Public Welfare Policy," CEP Discussion Papers dp0656, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE. [Downloadable!]
2. Alan Duncan, 2004. "Institutional Constraints and Random Heterogeneity in Structural Discrete Choice Models of Household Labour Supply," Econometric Society 2004 Australasian Meetings 342, Econometric Society.
3. Lüdemann, Elke & Wilke, Ralf A. & Zhang, Xuan, 2004. "Censored Quantile Regressions and the Length of Unemployment Periods in West Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-57, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
4. Fitzenberger, Bernd & Wilke, Ralf A., 2004. "Unemployment Durations in West-Germany Before and After the Reform of the Unemployment Compensation System During the 1980s," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-24, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
5. Kyyrä, Tomi & Wilke, Ralf A., 2004. "Reduction in the Long-Term Unemployment of the Elderly : A Success Story from Finland," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-63, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
6. Wilke, Ralf A., 2004. "Semiparametric Estimation of Consumption Based Equivalence Scales : The Case of Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-53, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
7. Wilke, Ralf A. & Fitzenberger, Bernd & Zhang, Xuan, 2004. "A Note on Implementing Box-Cox Quantile Regression," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-61, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
8. Wilke, Ralf A., 2004. "New Estimates of the Duration and Risk of Unemployment for West-Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-26, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
9. Tomi Kyyrä & Ralf Wilke, 2004. "Reduction in the Long-Term Unemployment of the Elderly: A Success Story from Finland," Discussion Papers 346, Government Institute for Economic Research Finland (VATT). [Downloadable!]

2003

1. Wilke, Ralf A., 2003. "Eine empirische Analyse von Sanktionen für Arbeitslose in Westdeutschland während der 1980er und 1990er Jahre," ZEW Discussion Papers 03-71, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
2. Wilke, Ralf, 2003. "Semiparametric Estimation of Regression Functions Under Shape Invariance Restrictions," ZEW Discussion Papers 03-64, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]

2002

1. Mark N. Harris & Alan Duncan, 2002. "Intransigencies in the Labour Supply Choice," Melbourne Institute Working Paper Series wp2002n17, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne. [Downloadable!]

2001

1. Alan Duncan & Gillian Paull & Jayne Taylor, 2001. "Price and quality in the UK childcare market," IFS Working Papers W01/14, Institute for Fiscal Studies. [Downloadable!]
2. Alan Duncan & Mark N. Harris, 2001. "Simulating the Behavioural Effects of Welfare Reforms among Sole Parents in Australia," Melbourne Institute Working Paper Series wp2001n06, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne. [Downloadable!]
3. John Creedy & Alan Duncan, 2001. "Aggregating Labour Supply and Feedback Effects in Microsimulation," Melbourne Institute Working Paper Series wp2001n15, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne. [Downloadable!]
4. Alan Duncan & Gillian Paull & Jayne Taylor, 2001. "Mothers' employment and the use of childcare in the UK," IFS Working Papers W01/23, Institute for Fiscal Studies. [Downloadable!]
5. John Creedy & Alan Duncan, 2001. "Aggregating labour supply and feedback effects in microsimulation," IFS Working Papers W01/24, Institute for Fiscal Studies. [Downloadable!]
6. John Creedy & Alan Duncan, 2001. "Aggregating Labour Supply And Feedback Effects In Microsimulation," Department of Economics - Working Papers Series 823, The University of Melbourne. [Downloadable!]
7. Ralf Wilke, 2001. "A Selective Survey of Demand Theory," Discussion Papers in Economics 01_07, University of Dortmund, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
8. Ralf Wilke, 2001. "Behavioral Heterogeneity and the Law of Demand," Discussion Papers in Economics 01_08, University of Dortmund, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]

2000

1. Richard Blundell & Alan Duncan & Julian McCrae & Costas Meghir, 2000. "Evaluating In-Work Benefit Reform: The Working Families Tax Credit in the U.K," JCPR Working Papers 160, Northwestern University/University of Chicago Joint Center for Poverty Research.
2. Alan Duncan & Graham Stark, 2000. "A recursive algorithm to generate piecewise linear budget contraints," IFS Working Papers W00/11, Institute for Fiscal Studies. [Downloadable!]
3. Creedy, J. & Duncan, A.S. & Harris, M.N. & Scutella, R., 2000. "Wage Function: Australian Estimates Using the Income Distribution Survey," Department of Economics - Working Papers Series 761, The University of Melbourne. [Downloadable!]
4. Ralf Wilke, 2000. "A Note on Behavioral Heterogeneity and Aggregation," Discussion Papers in Economics 00_05, University of Dortmund, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]

1999

1. Creedy, J. & Duncan, A., 1999. "Welfare, Non-Linear Busget Constraints and Behavioural Microsimulation," Department of Economics - Working Papers Series 688, The University of Melbourne.

1995

1. Alan Duncan & Chris Giles, 1995. "Benefit reforms and labour supply incentives in the UK: the family credit," IFS Working Papers W95/21, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
2. Richard Blundell & Alan Duncan & Costas Meghir, 1995. "Estimating labour supply responses using tax reforms," IFS Working Papers W95/07, Institute for Fiscal Studies.

1994

1. Alan Duncan & Andrew Jones, 1994. "On the specification of labour supply models: a non-parametric evaluation," IFS Working Papers W94/03, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
2. Alan Duncan & Ian Preston, 1994. "A comparison of the properties of non-parametric estimates of the generalised entropy class of inequality indices," IFS Working Papers W94/14, Institute for Fiscal Studies.

Undated

1. Alan Duncan & Ian Preston, . "Small Sample Bias in NonParametric Estimates of the Generalised Entropy Class of Inequality Indices," Discussion Papers 92/10, Department of Economics, University of York.
2. Alan Duncan & Melvyn Weeks, . "Non-Nested Models of Labour Supply with Discrete Choices," Discussion Papers 97/20, Department of Economics, University of York.
3. Alan Duncan & Andrew Jones, . "On the Specification of Labour Supply Functions: A Nonparametric Evaluation," Discussion Papers 94/6, Department of Economics, University of York.
4. Melanie Arntz & Ralf Wilke, . "Can public employment subsidies render the German construction sector weather proof?," Discussion Papers 09/06, University of Nottingham, School of Economics. [Downloadable!]
5. Philip Ball & Ralf Wilke, . "Job seeker's allowance in Great Britain: How does the regional labour market affect the duration until job finding?," Discussion Papers 09/03, University of Nottingham, School of Economics. [Downloadable!]
6. Ralf Wilke, . "Unemployment Duration in the United Kingdom: An Incomplete Data Approach," Discussion Papers 09/02, University of Nottingham, School of Economics. [Downloadable!]
7. Simon M. S. Lo & Ralf Wilke, . "A copula model for dependent competing risks," Discussion Papers 09/01, University of Nottingham, School of Economics. [Downloadable!]

Journal articles

2009

1. Lee, Sokbae & Wilke, Ralf A., 2009. "Reform of Unemployment Compensation in Germany: A Nonparametric Bounds Analysis Using Register Data," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 27(2), pages 193-205. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

2008

1. Alan Duncan & David Greenaway, 2008. "The Economics of Wine - Introduction," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 118(529), pages F137-F141, 06. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
2. Laura Wichert & Ralf A. Wilke, 2008. "Simple non-parametric estimators for unemployment duration analysis," Journal Of The Royal Statistical Society Series C, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 57(1), pages 117-126. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
3. Thomas Kruppe & Eva Müller & Laura Wichert & Ralf A. Wilke, 2008. "On the Definition of Unemployment and its Implementation in Regis-ter Data - The Case of Germany," Schmollers Jahrbuch : Journal of Applied Social Science Studies / Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 128(3), pages 461-488. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

2007

1. Melanie Arntz & Ralf A. Wilke, 2007. "An application of cartographic area interpolation to German administrative data," AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis, Springer, vol. 91(2), pages 159-180, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
2. Tomi Kyyrä & Ralf A. Wilke, 2007. "Reduction in the Long-Term Unemployment of the Elderly: A Success Story from Finland," Journal of the European Economic Association, MIT Press, vol. 5(1), pages 154-182, 03. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
3. Eva Mueller & Ralf A. Wilke & Philipp Zahn, 2007. "Beschäftigung und Arbeitslosigkeit aelterer Arbeitnehmer, Eine mikrooekonometrische Evaluation der Arbeitslosengeldreform von 1997," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Department of Statistics and Economics, vol. 227(1), pages 65-86, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

2006

1. Brewer, Mike & Duncan, Alan & Shephard, Andrew & Suarez, Maria Jose, 2006. "Did working families' tax credit work? The impact of in-work support on labour supply in Great Britain," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 13(6), pages 699-720, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
2. Ralf A. Wilke, 2006. "Semi-parametric estimation of consumption-based equivalence scales: the case of Germany," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(6), pages 781-802. [Downloadable!]
3. Elke Lüdemann & Ralf Wilke & Xuan Zhang, 2006. "Censored quantile regressions and the length of unemployment periods in West Germany," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 31(4), pages 1003-1024, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
4. Bernd Fitzenberger & Ralf Wilke, 2006. "Using quantile regression for duration analysis," AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis, Springer, vol. 90(1), pages 105-120, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

2005

1. James Banks & Richard Disney & Alan Duncan & John Van Reenen, 2005. "The Internationalisation of Public Welfare Policy," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 115(502), pages C62-C81, 03. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
2. John Creedy & Alan Duncan, 2005. "Aggregating Labour Supply and Feedback Effects in Microsimulation," Australian Journal of Labour Economics (AJLE), The Centre for Labour Market Research (CLMR), Curtin Business School, vol. 8(3), pages 277-290, September.
3. Martin Biewen & Ralf Wilke, 2005. "Unemployment duration and the length of entitlement periods for unemployment benefits: do the IAB employment subsample and the German Socio-Economic Panel yield the same results?," AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis, Springer, vol. 89(2), pages 209-236, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
4. Ralf A. Wilke, 2005. "New Extimates of the Duration and Risk of Unemployment for West-Germany," Schmollers Jahrbuch : Journal of Applied Social Science Studies / Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 125(2), pages 207-237.

2004

1. Wilke, Ralf A., 2004. "Eine empirische Analyse von Sanktionen für Arbeitslose in Westdeutschland während der 1980er und 1990er Jahre (An empirical analysis of sanctions for the unemployment in western Germany during the 1," Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung - Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 37(1), pages 45-52. [Downloadable!]

2003

1. Ralf Wilke, 2003. "The effect of aggregation on the magnitude of behavioral heterogeneity," Economics Bulletin, Economics Bulletin, vol. 4(25), pages 1-8. [Downloadable!]

2002

1. Creedy, John & Duncan, Alan, 2002. " Behavioural Microsimulation with Labour Supply Responses," Journal of Economic Surveys, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 16(1), pages 1-39, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
2. Duncan, Alan & Harris, Mark N, 2002. "Simulating the Behavioural Effects of Welfare Reforms among Sole Parents in Australia," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 78(242), pages 264-76, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

2000

1. Richard Blundell & Alan Duncan & Julian McCrae & Costas Meghir, 2000. "The labour market impact of the working families’ tax credit," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, vol. 21(1), pages 75-103, March. [Downloadable!]
2. John Creedy & Alan S. Duncan, 2000. "Wage Functions for Demographic Groups in Australia," Australian Journal of Labour Economics (AJLE), The Centre for Labour Market Research (CLMR), Curtin Business School, vol. 4(4), pages 296-316, December.

1998

1. Richard Blundell & Alan Duncan & Krishna Pendakur, 1998. "Semiparametric estimation and consumer demand," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 13(5), pages 435-461. [Downloadable!]
2. Richard Blundell & Alan Duncan & Costas Meghir, 1998. "Estimating Labor Supply Responses Using Tax Reforms," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 66(4), pages 827-862, July.

1997

1. Duncan, Alan & Weeks, Melvyn, 1997. "Behavioural tax microsimulation with finite hours choices," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 41(3-5), pages 619-626, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)

1996

1. Duncan, Alan & Giles, Christopher, 1996. "Labour Supply Incentives and Recent Family Credit Reforms," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 106(434), pages 142-55, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
2. Alan Duncan & Chris Giles, 1996. "Should we subsidise childcare, and if so, how?," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, vol. 17(3), pages 39-62, August. [Downloadable!]

1995

1. Alan Duncan & Peter Smith, 1995. "Modelling local government budgetary choices under expenditure limitation," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, vol. 16(4), pages 95-110, November. [Downloadable!]

1992

1. Dilnot, Andrew & Duncan, Alan, 1992. "Thinking about labour supply," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 687-713, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
2. Blundell, Richard & Duncan, Alan & Meghir, Costas, 1992. "Taxation in Empirical Labour Supply Models: Lone Mothers in the UK," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 102(411), pages 265-78, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
3. Andrew Dilnot & Alan Duncan, 1992. "Lone mothers, family credit and paid work," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, vol. 13(1), pages 1-21, February.

This page was last updated on 2009-12-2.