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Eurasian Cities : New Realities along the Silk Road

Author

Listed:
  • Souleymane Coulibaly
  • Uwe Deichmann
  • William R. Dillinger
  • Marcel Ionescu Heroiu
  • Ioannis N. Kessides
  • Charles Kunaka
  • Daniel Saslavsky

Abstract

Eurasian cities, unique in the global spatial landscape, were part of the world's largest experiment in urban development. The challenges they now face because of their history offer valuable lessons to urban planners and policy makers across the world from places that are still urbanizing to those already urbanized. More than three-quarters of the built environment in Eurasian cities was developed after 1945 in a centralized fashion. Central planners could implement whatever they considered good practice planning solutions, and Eurasia's cities became their drawing boards. The central planners got a lot right easy access to public transportation, district heating networks, almost universal access to water systems, and socially integrated neighborhoods. At the same time, they failed to acknowledge the importance of markets and individual choice in shaping sustainable and congenial places for people to live in. From a spatial point of view, it became clear that many Eurasian cities were developed in places where they should not have been. To populate sparsely inhabited territory, Soviet planners pushed urban development toward the heart of Siberia. Many of the resulting cities had no rural hinterland to rely on for daily food needs and had to depend on subsidized goods and services. Many Eurasian cities face an overdeveloped public service infrastructure that is hard to maintain and upgrade. Facing an economic downturn in the 1990s and lacking experience in decentralized urban management, many local authorities struggled to run these services. Public transport ridership fell in most cities, with more people commuting in private vehicles. Recycling networks disappeared, and soaring consumption overwhelmed solid waste management systems. District heating systems became large energy sieves hard to run and maintain without subsidies. Plaguing water systems are large shares of nonrevenue water, and low tariffs do not ensure the cost recovery needed for upgrades and repairs. This book discusses all five of these issues rethinking, planning, connecting, greening, and financing in more detail. It seeks to analyze the key challenges created by central planning, outline how these challenges were addressed in the transition years, and identify some steps Eurasian cities should take to chart a sustainable development path for themselves. The book also shows how some of the most progressive cities in the region have been tackling these problems and, in doing so, shedding the last vestiges of the socialist economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Souleymane Coulibaly & Uwe Deichmann & William R. Dillinger & Marcel Ionescu Heroiu & Ioannis N. Kessides & Charles Kunaka & Daniel Saslavsky, 2012. "Eurasian Cities : New Realities along the Silk Road," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 11877, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbpubs:11877
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. World Bank, 2011. "World Development Indicators 2011," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 2315, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Eskender Trushin & Francisco G. Carneiro, 2013. "Changing for the Better," World Bank Publications - Reports 22624, The World Bank Group.
    2. Johannes Linn, 2016. "Creating a Competitive and Innovative Manufacturing and Service Economy," Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, Emerging Markets Forum, vol. 8(2), pages 126-167, May.
    3. Saliev, Firdavs & Soliev, Mukhammadkhon, 2015. "Economic Advancement of Tourism Industry in Uzbekistan," MPRA Paper 64826, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Rajag M. Nag & Johannes F. Linn & Harinder S. Kohli (ed.), 2016. "Central Asia 2050: Unleashing the Region's Potential," Books, Emerging Markets Forum, edition 1, number centasia2050, October.
    5. Coulibaly, Souleymane, 2012. "Rethinking the form and function of cities in post-Soviet countries," Policy Research Working Paper Series 6292, The World Bank.
    6. Iza Gigauri & Nino Damenia, 2019. "Economic Expectations of the Belt and Road Initiative for the South Caucasus, with Emphasis on Georgia," Business and Economic Research, Macrothink Institute, vol. 9(1), pages 173-199, March.
    7. Trushin, Eskender & Carneiro, Francisco, 2013. "Changing for the Better: The Path to Upper-Middle-Income Status in Uzbekistan," World Bank - Economic Premise, The World Bank, issue 119, pages 1-6, June.
    8. Albrecht Kauffmann, 2013. "The Russian Urban System in Transition: The View of New Economic Geography," ERSA conference papers ersa13p280, European Regional Science Association.
    9. Aktoty Aitzhanova & Shigeo Katsu & Johannes F. Linn & Vladislav Yezhov (ed.), 2014. "Kazakhstan 2050: Toward a Modern Society for All," Books, Emerging Markets Forum, edition 1, number kazakh2050, October.

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