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Exports, unemployment, and the welfare state

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  • Eckhard Janeba

Abstract

The paper analyzes the labour market effects of globalization when foreign market entry is costly and risky. With flexible labour markets, a fall in foreign market entry cost tends to generate more income inequality, but not necessarily so, as more firms pay foreign entry cost. By contrast, when labour markets are inflexible in the short run, globalization tends to increase unemployment. In this situation, government unemployment benefits reduce the wages that exporting firms need to pay workers as risk compensation. Thus more firms within an industry and more industries enter the foreign market, which in turn tends to increase unemployment. Ce mémoire examine les effets de la globalisation sur le marché du travail quand l'entrée dans le marchéétranger est coûteuse et risquée. Quand les marchés du travail sont flexibles, une chute dans les coûts de l'entrée sur les marchés étrangers tend à engendrer davantage d'inégalité de revenu, mais pas nécessairement si davantage de firmes paient les coûts d'entrée. Par contre quand les marchés sont inflexibles à court terme, la globalisation tend à accroître le chômage. Dans ce cas, les prestations d'assurance‐chômage réduisent les salaires que les firmes exportatrices doivent payer aux travailleurs comme compensation pour le risque. Donc plus de firmes dans une industrie et plus d'industries pénètrent le marchéétranger, ce qui tend à accroître le chômage.

Suggested Citation

  • Eckhard Janeba, 2009. "Exports, unemployment, and the welfare state," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(3), pages 930-955, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:42:y:2009:i:3:p:930-955
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5982.2009.01533.x
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    1. Amegashie, J. Atsu & Ouattara, Bazoumanna & Strobl, Eric, 2007. "Moral Hazard and the Composition of Transfers: Theory with an Application to Foreign Aid," MPRA Paper 3158, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 06 May 2007.
    2. Eckhard Janeba, 2009. "Exports, unemployment, and the welfare state," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(3), pages 930-955, August.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D4 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design
    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • H2 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue

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