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Do Mergers Increase Product Variety? Evidence From Radio Broadcasting

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Author Info
Steven T. Berry
Joel Waldfogel

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Abstract

Mergers can reduce costs and alter incentives about how to position products, so that theory alone cannot predict whether mergers will increase product variety. We document the effect of mergers on variety by exploiting the natural experiment provided by the 1996 Telecommunications Act. We find that consolidation reduced station entry and increased the number of formats available relative to the number of stations. We find some evidence that increased concentration increases variety absolutely. Based on the programming overlap of jointly owned stations, we can infer that the effects operate through product crowding that is consistent with spatial preemption. © 2001 the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology

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Article provided by MIT Press in its journal The Quarterly Journal of Economics.

Volume (Year): 116 (2001)
Issue (Month): 3 (August)
Pages: 1009-1025
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Handle: RePEc:tpr:qjecon:v:116:y:2001:i:3:p:1009-1025

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  1. Clarissa Yeap, 2008. "Price markups in oligopoly models with differentiated products," Economics Bulletin, Economics Bulletin, vol. 12(15), pages 1-10. [Downloadable!]
  2. Andrew Sweeting, 2007. "Dynamic Product Repositioning in Differentiated Product Markets: The Case of Format Switching in the Commercial Radio Industry," NBER Working Papers 13522, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Georg Goetz & Klaus Gugler, 2004. "Market Concentration and Product Variety under Spatial Competition: Evidence from Retail Gasoline," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
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  4. Anderson, Simon P & Gabszewicz, Jean Jaskold, 2005. "The Media and Advertising: A Tale of Two-Sided Markets," CEPR Discussion Papers 5223, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Goppelsroeder, M. & Schinkel, M.P. & Tuinstra, J., 2006. "Quantifying the Scope for Efficiency Defense in Merger Control: The Werden-Froeb-Index," CeNDEF Working Papers 06-09, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Center for Nonlinear Dynamics in Economics and Finance. [Downloadable!]
  6. Katja Seim & V. Brian Viard, 2003. "The Effect Of Entry And Market Structure On Cellular Pricing Tactics," Working Papers 03-13, NET Institute, revised Nov 2003. [Downloadable!]
  7. Nagler, Matthew, 2006. "Understanding the Internet's relevance to media ownership policy: a model of too many choices," MPRA Paper 2180, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  8. Seim, Katja & Viard, V. Brian, 2006. "The Effect of Market Structure on Cellular Technology Adoption and Pricing," Research Papers 1876r, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business. [Downloadable!]
  9. Darlene C. Chisholm & Margaret S. McMillan & George Norman, 2006. "Product Differentiation and Film Programming Choice: Do First-Run Movie Theatres Show the Same Films?," NBER Working Papers 12646, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  10. repec:bep:eapcon:v:5:y:2006:i:1:p:1420-1420 is not listed on IDEAS
  11. Jeffrey R. Campbell & Hugo Hopenhayn, 2003. "Market size matters," Working Paper Series WP-03-12, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. [Downloadable!]
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  12. Sorensen, Alan T., 2004. "Bestseller Lists and Product Variety: The Case of Book Sales," Research Papers 1878, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business. [Downloadable!]
  13. O'Gorman, Catherine & Smith, Howard, 2008. "Efficiency Gain from Ownership Deregulation: Estimates for the Radio Industry," CEPR Discussion Papers 6699, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  14. Maria Petrova, 2009. "Newspapers and Parties: How Advertising Revenues Created an Independent Press," Working Papers w0131, Center for Economic and Financial Research (CEFIR). [Downloadable!]
  15. James Gaisford & Stefan Lutz, 2007. "A Multi-Product Framework Generating Waves of Mergers and Divestitures," ICER Working Papers 36-2007, ICER - International Centre for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  16. Simon Loertscher & Gerd Muehlheusser, 2008. "Dynamic Location Games," Department of Economics - Working Papers Series 1042, The University of Melbourne. [Downloadable!]
  17. Frijters, Paul & Velamuri, Malathi, 2009. "Is the Internet Bad News? The Online News Era and the Market for High-Quality News," MPRA Paper 15723, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  18. Richard Wurff, 2005. "Competition, Concentration and Diversity in European Television Markets," Journal of Cultural Economics, Springer, vol. 29(4), pages 249-275, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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