This paper presents a theoretical basis for the argument that large exchange rate shocks--such as the 1980s dollar cycle--may have persistent effects on trade flows and the equilibrium exchange rate itself. The authors begin with a partial-equilibrium model in which large exchange rate fluctuations lead to entry or exit decisions that are not reversed when the currency returns to its previous level. They then develop a simple model of the feedback from hysteresis in trade to the exchange rate itself. Here they see that a large capital inflow, which leads to an initial appreciation, can result in a persistent reduction in the exchange rate consistent with trade balance. Copyright 1989, the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
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